15t桥式起重机设计.docVIP

河南科技大学学士学位论文 PAGE II 摘　要 起升机构的工作原理：本起升机是在船上运行的起重机构，起升机的桥架铺设在舰船上。重物能够靠桥架的转动向外移动，又能使重物左右移动，还能够上下移动，这样，可以将船上重物抛向大海，然后又可以使重物失效后浮动起来，以完成提升或下降重物的工作。 起升机是可转动桥架、小车运行机构、大车运行机构和取物装置构成，它的作用是： ①缠绕提升机钢丝绳；②承受各种正常载荷(包括固定载荷和工作载荷)；③承受各种积极情况所造成的非常载荷。在非常载荷作用下，各装置部分不应有残余变形。提升机的各主要都必须能够承受较大的载荷，要求我们应认真设计，精心制造，这对于确保提升机安全可靠运行，预防和杜绝故障及事故的发生，也具有十分重要的意义。 本设计根据生产实际和预选的数据，以起升机的配套设备为核心，经过科学的计算和分析，设计、选择了一套起升机的传动系统设备，并采用了光电测速传感器作为深度指示系统的数据采集装置，实现了从机械控制到电气控制的转变，同时为提升机控制系统的技术改造奠定了基础。 关键词：起升机，大车机构，小车机构，桥架，取物装置 ABSTRACT Working principle of lifting mechanism: the lifting machine is a lifting mechanism running on the ship, and the bridge of the lifting machine is laid on the ship. The weight can move outward by the rotation of the bridge, move the weight left and right, and move up and down. In this way, the weight on the ship can be thrown into the sea, and then the weight can float after failure, so as to complete the work of lifting or lowering the weight. The hoist is composed of a rotatable bridge, a trolley running mechanism, a crane running mechanism and a picking device. Its functions are: ① winding the hoist wire rope; ② Bear various normal loads (including fixed load and working load); ③ Bear extraordinary loads caused by various positive conditions. Under the action of extraordinary load, each device part shall not have residual deformation. All main parts of the hoist must be able to bear large loads, which requires us to design and manufacture carefully, which is also of great significance to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the hoist, prevent and eliminate faults and accidents. According to the actual production and preselected data, this design takes the supporting equipment of the hoist as the core, designs and selects a set of transmission system equipment of the hoist through scientific calculation and analysis, and adopts the photoelectric speed sensor as the data acquisition device of the depth indication system, realizing the transformation from mechanical control to elec