2017 §专题二主谓一致讲义§.docxVIP

第 第 1 页 共 1 页 § 专题二 主谓一致 § 谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。在判定一个句子主谓 语是否一致时，要遵循下列三个原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。近几年来，高考关于该内容的考 查主要集中在意义一致、语法一致、承前一致以及就近一致几个方面。 一、语法一致原则：主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致：主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语亦采取复数形式。 1、不可数名词、动名词、不定式、从句等做主语时，谓语通常用单数。Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day. To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness in the world. Everything is in a complete mass,which drives people crazy. 2 、 主 语 后 加 介 词 短 语 或 其 他 插 入 语 ， with,together with,along with,as well as,besides,like,but,except,including,rather than,no less than, rather than, more than, over,including, in addition to 等，谓语动词的人称和数与注意的人称和数保持一致。 The leader and artist as well as some of our English teachers was given a chance to go abroad last year. My father,together with his workmates,has been to Beijing. 3、由 and, both…and 连接两个单数名词谓语用复数，但当and 连接的两个名词指同一个人，同一物，同一事，同一概念时谓语用单数。 Both bread and butter were served for breakfast in this hotel. The teacher and writer is going to give us a talk. 4、定语从句中关系代词做主语，从句中谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。在“It+be+强调部分+that/who...”强 调句型中，be 一般用单数形式。如果强调的是主语，that/who 后的谓语动词由被强调部分决定。 My friend showed me around the town,which was very kind of him. It is I who am going to be a pilot. 5、“more than one/many a＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。every/each/no 修饰单数名词，以及 and 连接的两个有 every/each/no 修饰的单数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式。 Every boy and every girl is having sports now. / More than one student has failed the exam. 【特别注意】 “more+复数名词+than one”做主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。 6、“one ＋单数名词 and a half ”作主语时，谓语动词可用单数形式，也可用复数形式。He said that one and a half apples is enough. 7 、 不 定 代 词 either, each, one, another, anyone, anybody , no one, nobody, some one, somebody, anything, nothing, something, everything, everyone, everybody, neither 等作主语时，谓语用单数，none 做主语时，谓语单复数均可。 There is nothing wrong with the machine. / None of the farmers has (have)been abroad. 8、在四则运算中谓语单复数均可：Three and four is (are) seven. /Two times ten is (are) twenty. 二、意义一致原则: 取决于主语所表达的内在含义。只要确定句子的主语是单数意义，则谓语用单数； 句子的主语是复数意义，则谓语用复数。 1、表示时间、距离、重量、体积、金额等的复数名词作 主语，