Unit 1 Money 财经英语课程资料.docxVIP

Unit 1 Money, monetary policy and the Function of Money 1. What’s money, income, savings and wealth?什么是金钱，收入，储蓄和财富？ （1）Money refers to the financial 财政的，金融的，有钱的assets （资产、有价值的人、有用的人或事、财产）that can be used directly to buy goods and services货物及劳务，商品和服务, which includes currency 货币 and checkable 可检查的deposits 活期存款. （2）Income is what you earn from working plus what you receive（接收，拿到，体验，购买接受赃物） in interests利息, savings 储蓄 and dividends 股息，股利，红利，足球彩票彩金分红, which is a flow variable（n.变量、可变情况、可变因素；可变的，多变的，可更改的） 流动变量. （3）Savings存款，储蓄 Savings is that part of after-tax 税后 income that is not spent（用过已废的、失效的、筋疲力尽的；v用、花时间、度过、花费消耗精力）. （4）Wealth财富 is the value of all your financial assets 资产 minus减去 all your financial liabilities债务、负债、法律上对某事的责任，义务、惹麻烦的人或事，欠债负债. 2. The origins and kinds of Money钱的来源和种类 origins起源，源头，起因，身世，出身 2.1 stage one: barter system易货交易制，物物交易制度 Barter is a type of trade in which goods or services are directly exchanged for other goods or services, without the use of money. n.以货换货、v以交换 2.2 Stage two: commodity money 商品货币 commodity 商品、有使用价值的事务 Commodity money refers to the money with the form of commodity with intrinsic value 内在价值. intrinsic 固有的、内在的、本身的 Commodity money include gold, silver, copper, salt, large stones, decorated belts, shells, alcohol, candy, barley, cigarettes, etc. 2.3 Stage three: fiat money 法定货币 Fiat money is simply established as money by government decree. 2.4 Stage four: credit money 信用货币 Credit money is any future claim against a physical or legal person that can be used for the purchase of goods and services. 3. The Functions of Money3.1 a medium of exchange交易媒介 3.2 a unit of account 价值尺度 3.3 a store of value 储藏手段： money is not the only store of value. 4. The monetary policy and money supply Monetary policy 货币政策is the process by which the government, central bank or monetary authority of a country controls the supply of money and the rate of interest 利率 （to attain a set of objectives oriented towards the growth and stabilit