地理信息系统导论chap10.ppt

Figure 10.19 Raster data query: slope = 2 and aspect = 1. Selected cells are coded 1 and others 0 in the output raster. gnuplot / U.S. Census Bureau / * CHAPTER 10 DATA EXPLORATION 10.1 Data Exploration Box 10.1 Data Visualization 10.1.1 Descriptive Statistics Box 10.2 Descriptive Statistics 10.1.2 Graphs 10.1.3 Dynamic Graphics 10.2 Map-Based Data Manipulation Box 10.3 Geovisualization and Geovisual Analytics 10.2.1 Data Classification 10.2.2 Spatial Aggregation 10.2.3 Map Comparison 10.3 Attribute Data Query Box 10.4 Versions of SQL 10.3.1 SQL (Structured Query Language) 10.3.2 Query Expressions 10.3.3 Type of Operation 10.3.4 Examples of Query Operations 10.3.5 Relational Database Query 10.4 Spatial Data Query 10.4.1 Feature Selection by Cursor 10.4.2 Feature Selection by Graphic 10.4.3 Feature Selection by Spatial Relationship Box 10.5 Expressions of Spatial Relationships 10.4.4 Combining Attribute and Spatial Data Queries 10.5 Raster Data Query 10.5.1 Query by Cell Value 10.5.2 Query by Select Features Key Concepts and Terms Review Questions Applications: Data Exploration Task 1: Select Feature by Location Task 2: Make Dynamic Chart Task 3: Query Attribute Data from a Joint Attribute Table Task 4: Query Attribute Data from a Relational Database Task 5: Combine Spatial and Attribute Data Queries Task 6: Query Raster Data Challenge Task References Data Exploration Data exploration allows a researcher to examine the general trends in the data, to take a close look at data subsets, and to focus on possible relationships between data sets. Data exploration takes advantage of interactive and dynamically linked visual tools. Maps, graphs, and tables are displayed in multiple windows and dynamically linked so that selecting records from a table will automatically highlight the corresponding features in a graph and a map. Figure 10.1 A line graph. Figure 10.2 A histogram. Figure 10.3 A cumulative distribution graph. Figure 10.4 A scatterplot plotting % persons 18 y