METAR和TAF全攻略——[航空气象].pdfVIP

Aviation Weather Formats: METAR/TAF March 1999 U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration Introduction On July 1, 1996, the United States converted airport surface observations (SAs and SPs) and airport terminal weather forecasts to the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) formats. Other weather products such as winds aloft (FD), area forecasts (FA), and pilot reports (PIREPs) changed little except to incorporate the new weather coding and station identifiers. With a little practice and the help of the tear-out decoder card included in this booklet, pilots will find it is easy to understand METARS (Aviation Routine Weather Reports) and the airport terminal forecast referred to as TAF (aerodrome Forecast). Those who use DUATs (Direct User Access Terminal) or commercially provided weather services will find all providers have included a plain language interpreter. METAR Lets check out a METAR METAR (or SPECI for Special Report) KPIT 201955Z (AUTO for automated observation) (COR for correction to observation) 22015G25KT 3/4SM R28R/2600FT TSRA OVC010CB 18/16 A2992 RMK SLPO13 Note: When METAR data is missing from the body of the report (e.g. dew point), it is simply omitted and the user must know the sequence to recognize this. Some exceptions apply in remarks such as RVRNO, or SLPNO when RVR or SLP are normally reported but not currently available. To help remember the sequence, think of 3Ws at the beginning- Where, When, and Wind This works for METAR as well as TAF! METAR KPIT 201955Z 22015G25KT WHERE KPIT is the ICAO station identifier. The usual 3 letter identifiers we are all familiar with are now receded b