定语从句复习.ppt

-- -- We will never forget the day we spent the weekend together. * * * * * * * * -- 一. 定语从句的基本定义 放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 被修饰的词叫先行词。 一. 定语从句的基本定义 -- The boy who is reading is Tom. 先行词 关系代词 Hospital is a place where a doctor works. 先行词 关系副词 -- 关系词的分类 关系代词 2. 关系副词 关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，常用的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose 关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有：when, where, why -- 关系代词的基本用法和注意点 1. 关系代词的基本用法 关系代词 指代的先行词 充当从句的成分 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语、宾语 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 whose 人或物 定语 -- I know a person who/that runs very fast. 表示人,作主语,用who/that He is the man (who/whom/that) you are waiting for. 表示人,作宾语,用who/whom/that或省略 I saw a film which/that was exciting. 表示物,作主语,用which/that I have the book (which/that) you want. 表示物,作宾语,用which/that或省略 -- whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语 。不可省略。 We live in a house whose windows are red. This is the little girl whose parents are doctors. 拆分时要加’s或者of的, 则用whose -- 2. 关系代词的用法注意点 (1) that和which都可以指物，但以下7种情况只能用that 不能用which。 ①当先行词中有人又有物时。如： Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? -- ②当先行词为不定代词all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, 等时。如： This is all that I want from the school. ③当先行词被only, just, very, right, last, all, every等修饰时。如： This is the very book that I am looking for these days. -- ④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如： The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city. ⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如： The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. -- 6. 以who或which开头的用that。 Who is the person that is sitting over there? 7. there be结构用that There will be a game that is very interesting tonight. -- I came across a friend, who studied with me at middle school. Yesterday I saw a film, which was very exciting. Do you know the person, with whom he is talking? 非限制性定于从句和介词后面不能用that -- 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如： Those who are against the plan put up your hands. I have a friend who is very nice. I have some friends who are very nice. -- 当介词放在关系代词前面时，表示人只能用w