增词法、重复法.ppt

英译汉教程A Course in English-Chinese Translation;第二章 英译汉常用的方法和技巧第二节 增词法;增加原文省略的词 Matter can be changed into energy, and energy into matter. The best conductor has the least resistance and the poorest the greatest. In the evening after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué.;增加必要的连接词语 Heated, water will change into vapor. However carefully boiler casings and steam pipes are sealed, some heat escapes and is lost. Since air has weight, it exerts force on any object immersed in it.;（三）用增词法表达复数概念。 Note that the words “velocity” and “speed” require explanation. He stretched his legs which were scattered with scars. The mountains began to throw their long blue shadows over the valley. The samples of soil from various depths are examined for traces of oil. If they are disappointed at one place, the drillers go to another.;（四）概括性增词;（五）从修辞和连贯角度考虑增词。 This printer is indeed cheap and fine. Yes, I like Chinese food. Lots of people do these days. Sort of fashion. A scientist constantly tried to defeat his hypotheses, his theories and his conclusion. Nobody has raised his hand so we think everyone agrees with Mr. Zhang. He was week and old. ;（六）增加必要的副词。 The bridge is long. The crowds melted away. As he at down and began talking, words poured out.;（七）增加表达时态的词。 英语动词的时态靠动词的形式变化或加助动词来表达，汉语动词没有词形变化,表达时态要靠增加特有的时态助词或一般表示时间的词。 1．对某种时间概念作强调时，汉译时往往需增加一些词语。 1）The old man had taught the boy to fish， and the boy loved him. 2）I had never thought I’d be happy to find myself considered unimportant. But this time I was. ;2．强调时间上的对比时，译文往往需要增加一些词语： 1）The old man said: “ They say his father was a fisherman. Maybe he was as poor as we are”. 2）The high-altitude plane was and still is a remarkable bird. ;第三节 重复法;2．重复英语中作表语的名词 John is your friend as much as he is mine. 3．重复英语前置词短语中所省略的名词 英语中常重复使用前置词，而将第二个，第三个前置???前的名词省略，翻译时则往往要把此名词重复，以代替英语中重复的前置词。 1）Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration. 2）The America