专题7.1 完形填空 知识梳理丨挖空练丨作业.docxVIP

完形填空 完形填空主要测试学生在具体语言环境中对文章的篇章结构、中心思想、推理判断、词语辨析、习惯用法、固定搭配等方面的能力要求，及对所学英语的综合运用能力、快速阅读理解能力及逻辑推理判断能力等。这种题型归纳起来有如下特点： 1．在整份试卷中所占的分值较重，占 10% ，短文长度一般在 150-230 个单词左右。 2．降低了对单词本身的考查要求，重点考查考生对短文的整体理解，上下文的段落衔接，情理分析及推理判断能力。 3．针对初中学生的实际水平，一般采用故事类、说明类短文，尽量避免专业性太强的文章或论文体。近年来出现了以意义选择为主、语法选择逐渐减少的趋势。 4.完形填空题要求填入的词主要有：构成各种时态和用法区别的 词及短语； 词 和 词；根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的 词、 词、 词和 词；同义词、近义词等易混词。考查以实词为主，兼顾虚词和语法结构。难点主要集中在根据上下文作正确判断的词的用法上。 在做完形填空题时，通常先弄清语境，并依据上下文进行合理的分析、判断，才能作出恰当的选择。具体可分为以下三步： 1. 通览全文，了解大意 答题时，应先越过空档，通读全文，理顺题意，找出信息词。这是做好完形填空题的关键。因为完形填空的特点是着眼于整体理解。我们如果把短文比作环环相扣的链条，那么由于空格的设置，“链条”从第二句起有些地方就脱节了。有些同学习惯于提笔就填或边读边填，急于求成，然而，欲速则不达，结果往往由于“只见树木不见森林”而事倍功半。因此我们应该依据首句给的启示，通过逻辑思维，借助短文中关键词所提供的信息，越过空档，尽快把全文读完，建立语言的整体感，帮助我们了解短文大意。 例练1 Have you ever been to Hong Kong? When you travel in Hong Kong, you must 1 of the traffic rules, because they are different from those of the most places of China, and the traffic keeps to 2 .Before 3 the street, you must look to the right and then to the left. If the traffic lights turn 4 ,the traffic must stop, and people can cross the zebra line. If the traffic lights turn 5 ,the traffic can go, but people 6 cross the road. In the morning and in the evening, when people go to or come from 7 ,the streets are very busy. The traffic is 33 . When you go somewhere by bus in Hong Kong, you must be careful, 8 .Always remember the traffic keeps to the left. Have a look first, or you may go to the wrong way. In Hong Kong, there are a lot of big buses 9 two floors. You may sit on the second floor. From there you can watch the city very well. 1. A. careless B. be carefully C. be careful D. careful 2. A. the left B. left C. the right D. right 3. A. across B. cross C. crossed D. crossing 4. A. yellow B. green C. red D. red and yellow 5. A. orange B. red and yellow C. green D. red 6. A. may not B. not C. aren’t D. mustn’t 7. A. sea B. work