高考英语虚拟语气专题.docVIP

★ 高考英语虚拟语气专题讲座★ ★★ 语气是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。英语中有三种语气：陈述语气，疑问语气，虚拟语气。 虚拟语气定义：虚拟语气表示所说的话仅仅一种主观愿望、假设或建议等。 虚拟语气的学习重点： 1. 虚拟语气的在条件句中的基本用法和四个基本情态动词的用法。 2. 虚拟语气的倒装。（if省略，条件句中中有had, should, were）。 3. 两种错综虚拟语气。 4. 含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气。 5. 过去的计划，打算，愿望等未曾实现时的虚拟语气。 6. 特殊句型中的虚拟语气：两个。重点为wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气及as if和as though从句中虚拟语气的表示法。 7. 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用。即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的名词性从句。 8. 不清惜条件的虚拟语气。  ★★★虚拟语气在条件句中的用法列表如下： 相关时态 主句形式 从句形式 例句 与现在事实相反 Should\would\could\might+do（动词原形） 过去式（be动词各人称都用were） I If I were you, I should \would make full use of my time to study. 与过去事实相反 Should\would\could\might+have done（动词过去分词） Had+done(过去分词) I If you had come earlier, you would have met him. 与将来事实相反 Should\would\could\might+do（动词原形） 1. 过去式（be动词各人称都用were）  2. should+动词原形  3. were to +动词原形 If it should rain tomorrow, the crops would be saved.  ★★★注意四个情态动词的用法： 1. 若表示在某一假设的条件下，必不过然就会发生某事，第一人称可用should或would, 而二、三人称只用would. 2. 若表示在某一假设条件下就能够干某事，各人称都用could. 3. 如果表示在某种假设条件下有可能会发生某事，各人称都用might.  ★★★虚拟语气倒装 请看典型考题：__________ your address，I would have written to you. A. Did I know B. Were I to know C. Had I known D. If I should know 此题应选 C。这是虚拟语气的倒装形式。当虚拟条件句中含有 were，had，should，could等动词时，能够将if省略，然后将 were，had，should，could 等词移至句首：  1. If he should fail，he would kill himself. →Should he fail，he would kill himself. 万一失败，他就会自杀。  2. If I were you，I would do it at once. →Were I you，I would do it at once. 假若我是你，我就会马上做。  3. If I could do it，I would. →Could I do it，I would. 要是我能做此事，我一定会做。  4. If he had seen you yesterday，he would haveasked you about it. →Had he seen you yesterday，he would haveasked you about it. 他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问