浙江大学《C++程序设计》课件-chapter8 Overloaded Operators.pdfVIP

Object Oriented Programming CHAP8 Overloaded operators 浙江大学《C++程序设计》 Overloading Operators • Allows user-defined types to act like built in types • Another way to make a function call. Overloaded operators Unary and binary operators can be overloaded: + - * / % ^ | ~ = += -= *= /= %= ^= = |= = = == != = = ! || ++ -- , -* - () [] operator new operator delete operator new[] operator delete[] Operators you cant overload . .* :: ?: sizeof typeid static_cast dynamic_cast const_cast reinterpret_cast Restrictions • Only existing operators can be overloaded (you cant create a ** operator for exponentiation) • Operators must be overloaded on a class or enumeration type • Overloaded operators must – Preserve number of operands – Preserve precedence C++ overloaded operator • Just a function with an operator name! – Use the operator keyword as a prefix to name operator *(…) • Can be a member function – Implicit first argument const String String::operator + (const String that); • Can be a global (free) function – Both arguments explicit const String operator+ (const String r, const String l); How to overload • As member function – Implicit first argument – No type conversion performed on receiver – Must have access to class definition Operators as member functions class Integer { public: Integer( int n = 0 ) : i(n) {} const Integer operator+(const Integer n) const{ return Integer(i + n.i); } ... private: int i; }; See: OperatorOverloadingSyntax.cpp Membe