浙江大学《C++程序设计》课件-chapter13 Exceptions.pdfVIP

Object Oriented Programming CHAP13 Exceptions 浙江大学《C++程序设计》 Example: Vector template class T class Vector { private: T* m_elements; int m_size; public: Vector (int size = 0) : m_size (size) ... ~Vector () { delete [] m_elements; } void length(int); int length() { return m_size; } T operator[](int); }; /55 Problem template class T T VectorT::operator[] (int indx) { What should the [] operator do if the index is not valid? 1.) Return random memory object return m_elements[indx]; /55 More choices 2.) Return a special error value if (indx 0 || indx = m_size) { T* error_marker = new T(some magic value); return *error_marker; } return m_elements[indx]; But this throws the baby out with the bath! x = v[2] + v[4]; // not safe code! /55 More choices ... 3.) Just die! if (indx 0 || indx = m_size) { exit(22); } return m_elements[indx]; 4.) Die gracefully (with autopsy!) assert(indx = 0 indx m_size); return m_elements[indx]; /55 When to use exceptions • Many times, you dont know what should be done • If you do anything you’ll be wrong • Solution: turf the problem Make your caller (or its caller ...) responsible /55 How to raise an exception template class T T VectorT::operator[] (int indx) { if (indx 0 || indx = m_size) { // throw is a keyword // exception is raised at this point