浙江大学《C++程序设计》课件-chapter6 Template and STL.pdfVIP

Object Oriented Programming CHAP6 Templates STL 浙江大学《C++程序设计》 Contents • Template • STL 2 Templates • Reuse source code – generic programming – use types as parameters in class or function definitions • Template functions – Example: sort function • Template classes – Example: containers such as stack, list, queue... • Stack operations are independent of the type of items in the stack – template member functions 3 Templates • Templates can use multiple types template class Key, class Value class HashTable { const Value lookup(const Key) const; void install(const Key, const Value); ... }; • Templates nest — they’re just new types! Vector Vector double * // note space • Type arguments can be complicated Vector int (*)(Vectordouble, int) 4 Expression parameters • Template arguments can be constant expressions • Non-Type parameters – can have a default argument template class T, int bounds = 100 class FixedVector { public: FixedVector(); // ... T operator[](int); private: T elements[bounds]; // fixed size array! }; 5 Non-Type parameters template class T, int bounds T FixedVectorT,bounds::operator[]( int i ) { return elements[i]; // no error checking } 6 Usage: Non-type parameters • Usage –FixedVectorint, 50 v1; –FixedVectorint, 10*5 v2;