黄自元楷书间架结构九十二法.doc

黄自元楷书间架结构九十二法 黄自元楷书间架结构九十二法(附字帖) 黄自元(1837-1916年)，字善长，号敬与，清末湖南安化人，同治七年(公元1868年)进士，并点为榜眼，赐奉政大夫，供职翰林院，后又任各省乡试考官。官至记名御史，翰林检修，曾任武英殿总纂，翰林院编修，以及陕西道监察御史和甘肃宁夏知府。他习字始学颜直一卿，后师柳公权、欧阳询，并博取众长而自成家法。光绪十年著成《问架结构九十二法》。他继承与发展了一欧一体书艺，自成体系，堪称一代楷书大师。 《黄自元间架结构九十二法》是黄自元先生在中介欧阳询三十六法的基础上，提出的楷书间架结构的构成方式。这本字帖上有范字，下有法要，为初学楷书的必读之物。虽大多数书家都不以为然，但大凡善书者都看过或者临摹过它。 下面将间架结构92法的法要，提供给大家。 译文: (1)上面是宝盖的字，其余笔画应帽于其下。如:宇、宙、定 (2)下面有底托状的字，其余笔画应托于其上。如:至、孟、圣 (3)以左半部为主的字，左边要高，右边要低。如:部、幼、即 (4)以右半部为主的字，右边要长，左边要短。如:绩、议、读 (5)有横担的字，中横应该写得长些;如:喜、吾、安 (6)有竖笔贯中的字，中竖应正直不歪。如:甲、平、干、午 (7)勾拿笔不应弯曲、短小。如:葡、萄、蜀、葛 (8)勾衄笔不应直长。如:句、匀、勿 (9)横短撇长;如:左、在、尤、龙 (10)横长撇短;如:右、有、灰 (11)横画短竖画长的字，撇捺应延伸。如:木、本、朱 spot welding, spot welding fittings mat must be placed firmly before, to avoid forced groups to arise, additional stress caused by crack. (5) the Groove position welds and welding the same welding process should be adopted, by qualified Welders and welding. Tack weld should be evenly distributed, there is generally no less than 2-3, length should be to 10-15mm, uniform distribution, wall thickness of no more than 2/3. (6) the tack should ensure good penetration and fusion, and free of porosity, slag and other defects. (7) to ensure the bottom bead molding well to reduce stress concentration, tack should be a smooth transition to the base metal and welds polished at both ends should be generated. (8) unless the process or inspection required-welded, but each seam continuous welding finish, otherwise again before welding, to preheat the weld. (9) the welding arc scraped surface is strictly prohibited, without any introduction arc welding on the surface. (10) should ensure that the arc and arc welding of quality, arc should fill crater, multi-pass welding joint should be staggered. (11) Tig welding should be ventilated in advance, expired after welding should be delayed, and should ensure that the welding in the welding process melts to get effective protection of argon gas. (12) when using the multi-pass welding, weld before sho