初中英语语法-被动语态 公开课PPT课件.ppt

中考语法精讲——被动语态 被动语态的基本构成： be+动词的过去分词 （be+done) 1.一般现在时am/is/are +done  We clean the classroom every day. The classroom is cleaned by us every day. He . 2.一般过去时was/were+done He made the kite. The kite was made by him. 3.一般将来时 shall/will /be going to+ be done  They will orrow. Trees will be tomorrow He is going to write a letter to his mother. A letter is going to be written to his mother by him. 4.现在完成时has /have +been done Jim has finished the work. The work has been finished by Jim. 5.含有情态动词的被动语态 can/may/must/should +be done I can find him. He can be found by me. 被动语态的用法 1. 不知道动作的执行者是谁。 这块手表是中国制造的。 This watch is made in China. 2. 没有必要指出动作的执行者 每年都应该种更多的树。 Many trees should be planted every year. 3. 需要强调或突出动作的承受者。 世界上越来越多的人说汉语。 Chinese is sore and more people in the world. 4. 句子的主语是动作的承受者。 许多房屋被冲走了。 Many houses were washed away by the flood. 主动语态变被动语态的方法 （主语） （宾语） 主动语态：动作的执行者+谓语动词的主动形式+动作的承受者 被动语态：动作的承受者+谓语动词的被动形式+动作的执行者 （主语） （宾语） 说明： （1）要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动句中的宾语为人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。 （2）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾格，并由by引导。 （3)谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。 主变被解题步骤: 1. 找宾语 ----即动作的承受者 They make shoes in that factory. Shoes 2. 判断宾语的单复数 ----即be动词的单复数. are were 3. 判断动词的时态 ----即be动词的时态. 4. 修改谓语的时态 ----即原句动词改为过去分词 made 5. 修改原句的主语 ----即by+ 主语/ 宾语. by them in that factory. 主动---被动的几个变化规则 补充部分 1. 主动结构表被动意义 open,lock,write,read,sell,wash, cut,burn,drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可以用主动语态表被动意义。  This kind of shirt sells well. 一 :带双宾语（间接宾语和直接宾语）的主动变被动有两种改法: (1)把间接宾语（即人）改成主语 (2) 把直接宾语（即物）改成主语时,谓语动词后必须加适 当的介词: to, for. *give， e a terrible haircut. ------1 I was given a a terrible haircut by the barber. ------2 A terrible haircut was given to me by the barber. 而 buy ,draw，make, cook, sing-----for Eg, His father bought him a new bike. 间接宾语 直接宾语 ------1 He was bought a new bike by his father. ------2 A new bike was bought by his fa