重庆跨江桥梁定向车道效果分析及控制优化研究.docxVIP

2 重庆跨江桥梁定向车道效果分析及控制优化研究 摘 要 作为交通线组成的重要部分，桥梁是供铁路、公路、人群及管线等跨越江河、山谷或其他障碍的架空建筑物。 在嘉陵江和长江穿城而过的重庆，跨江桥梁是公路交通的咽喉，对于市区公路交通有着至关重要的作用。在实现全 面建成小康社会的今天，汽车犹如旧时王谢堂前燕，飞入寻常百姓家，而城市道路交通拥堵问题却随之加重。跨江 桥梁是重庆城市路网在高峰期的瓶颈路段，独特的地形赋予了跨江桥梁联系主城区各组团的任务，其运行效率影响 着城市路网运行。由于重庆城市交通与土地使用不协调、交通需求的不断增长及交织区易发生包括交通事故、道路 施工、恶劣天气等在内的交通事件，跨江桥梁处易出现交通拥挤。据此，重庆交管部门从交通系统管理角度出发， 在重庆市主要跨江桥梁设置定向车道，合理分流道路车辆，减少交织区车辆冲突，拟提升瓶颈路段通行效率。 虽然跨江桥梁在设置定向车道后，路段通行能力有所提升，但国内外对于定向车道设置还处于探索阶段，在实 际中仍存在不合理的地方。因此，本文提出重庆主要跨江大桥定向车道实施效果分析，并根据实际设置中出现的问 题提出优化控制方案。 关键词：定向车道；交通管理；交通流理论；交通控制 Study on Effect Analysis and Control Optimization of Directional Lanes of Chongqings Major Bridges Over the River Abstract As an important part of the transportation line, bridges are overhead buildings for railways, highways, crowds and pipelines to cross rivers, valleys or other obstacles. In Chongqing, where the Jialing River and the Yangtze River pass through the city, bridges across the river are the throat of road traffic and play a vital role in urban road traffic. Today, when a well-off society has been built in an all-round way, cars flew into the homes of ordinary people just like Wang Xietang’s former swallows in the old days, and the problem of urban road traffic congestion has been aggravated. The cross-river bridge is the bottleneck section of Chongqings urban road network during the peak period. The unique topography gives the cross-river bridge the task of connecting various groups in the main urban area, and its operating efficiency affects the operation of the urban road network. Due to the incoordination of urban traffic and land use in Chongqing, the continuous growth of traffic demand and the prone to traffic incidents including traffic accidents, road construction, and severe weather in the weaving area, traffic congestion is prone to occur at bridges across the river. Accordingly, from the perspective of traffic system management, the Chongqing Traffic Management Department set up directional lanes