2021年四级语法知识点总结.pdfVIP

四级语法知识点总结 一：时态：所谓时态，就是时间+状态。谓语动词时态见下表： 1．积极形式 过去 当前 将来 过去将来 普通 did do will/shall do should/would do 进行 was/were doing am/is/are doing will/shall be doing / 完毕 had done have/has done will/shall have done should/would have done用于虚 拟语调 完毕进行 had been doing have/has been doing / / 2 ．被动形式 过去 当前 将来 过去将来 普通 was/were given am/is/are given will/shall be given should/would be given 进行 was/were being am/is/are being given / / given 完毕 had been given have/has been given will/shall have been should/would given have been given 完毕进行 / / / vCET-4 常考三种时态：过去完毕时；将来完毕时；（当前/过去）完毕进行时。 v时间状语从句当中时态： 普通过去时 所有过去 用 普通当前时 表达 当前和将来 当前完毕时 当前完毕和将来完毕 二：非谓语动词 1 ．不定式： 一）不定式常考形式： 1)普通形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others. 被动形式：He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do. 语法功能： 表达与谓语动词同步发生 2)完毕形式：He pretended not to have seen me. 被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 语法功能：表达发生在谓语动词之前 二）不定式常考考点： 1）不定式做定语将要发生 2）不定式做状语 目 3）不定式充当名词功能To see is to believe. 三)不定式省略 感官动词 see ，watch ，observe ，notice ，look at ，hear ，listen to ，smell ，taste ，feel + do　 表达动作完整性，真实性； + doing 表达动作持续性，进行性 I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见她在花园里干活了。(强调我看见了这个事实) I saw him working in the garden yesterday. 昨天我见她正在花园里干活。（强调我见她正干活这个动作） v感官动词背面接形容词而不是副词：The c