电子社现代控制理论基础（英文版）（第2版）mooc课件2-1-2.pptxVIP

L2.1.2 New concepts about state-space representationstatestate variablestate vectorstate spacestate trajectorystate equationoutput equationstate-sapce representationFor example, if you know the initial position and velocity of the mass, then you can get the motion of the mass with given the external input force F. Because the following differential equation can be solved by using those information. L2.1.2 New concepts about state-space representationstateThe state of a system at time is the minimum amount of information at that, together with for , determine uniquely the behavior of the system for all .mOl0FcmFFkOpL2.1.2 New concepts about state-space representationstate variablesThe state of a system should be described in terms of a set of minimum independented state variables. mOl0For example, we use two state variables for the mass-spring damping system FcmFFkOpFor a general control system, the state can be described in terms of a set of state variables.L2.1.2 New concepts about state-space representationState vector Those N state variables can be considered a N components of a vector.mOl0FcmFFkOpFor example, the state vector of the mass-spring damping system is as follows:L2.1.2 New concepts about state-space representationState space:The state at a given time belonging to an n-dimensional vector space which is called the state space.State trajectory The path in the state space produced by the state vector as its value change with time.L2.1.2 New concepts about state-space representationState equationA set of first-order differential equations which describe the functional relationships among state variables, input and output.Matrix formL2.1.2 New concepts about state-space representationOutput equationThe outputs of a linear system can be related to the state variables and the input signals by the output equation.Matrix formL2.1.2 New concepts about state-space representationExample: a mass-spring damping sys