高考英语语法之名词性从句：四大从句概念及难点分析讲义.docxVIP

2023年高考英语语法之名词性从句：四大从句概念及难点分析 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词： that, whether ,if (不充当从句的任何成分) 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which 连接副词：when, where, how, why 如：That she was chosen made us very happy. 一、主语从句 1. 以what等连接代词引导的主语从句 What you need is more practice. 你需要的是更多的练习。 Whoever wants it may have it. 谁要都可以给他。 同类的连接代词还有：What, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever 2. 以that, whether从属连词引导的主语从句 It was strange that he had made a mistake. 真奇怪，他竟然错了。 That we need more equipment is quite obvious. 我们需要更多的设备，这是很明显的。 Whether he will join us wont make too much difference. 他是否加入我们，没有太大的差别。 3. 主语从句的引导词that什么时候可以省略 当主语从句不太长时，引导词“that”可以省略 Its clear (that) he has done his best. 很明显他已经尽力而为了。 Its a wonder (that) he didnt fail. 真奇怪，他没有失败。 4. 以when等连接副词引导的主语从句 When they will come hasnt been made public. 他们什么时候来还没有公布。 Where she has gone is not known yet. 她去了哪儿，还不知道。 Why he did it will remain a puzzle for ever. 为什么他做那件事将永远是个谜团。 5. 虚拟语气：主语从句 形容词为necessary, important, impossible, strange, natural, essential时，在“It + be + 形容词或过去分词 + 主语从句”中，主语从句要虚拟。 It is necessary that the problem (should) be discussed at once. 立刻讨论这个问题很有必要。 It is strange that he (should) have so many friends. 太奇怪了，他有那么多的朋友。 6. 主语从句与强调句的区别 注意事项： 1). 在主语从句中，把It was … that去掉之后，就已经完全不像一个句子了。 2). 在强调句中，把It was … that去掉之后，还基本上像个句子。 3). 主语从句有以下的引导词：what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever 4).强调句的引导词只有：that, who。 二、宾语从句 1. 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句的引导词和主语从句的引导词相同。宾语从句可以作及物动词的宾语，作短语动词的宾语，介词的宾语。 2. 宾语从句：短语动词 Please go and find out when the train will arrive. 请去弄清楚火车什么时候到。 His teacher pointed out that Tom hadnt studied hard enough. 老师指出汤姆学习不够努力。 That depends on how you do it. 那得看你怎么做的。 3. 宾语从句：及物动词 Everybody knows that money doesnt grow on trees. 谁都知道钱不是长在树上。 Have you decided where you will go for a holiday? 你有没有决定到什么地方去度假? 4. 宾语从句：介词的宾语 I am curious as to what they are going to do next.