高考英语一轮复习状语从句讲义.docxVIP

状语从句 【导学线索】 解状语从句“三部曲” 第一步：弄清主从句的逻辑关系。 第二步：辨析连接词的语义和语用特征。 第三步：据逻辑关系选出适当的连接词。 【导学目标】 了解状语从句的常见连词 能够辨析常考的状语从句连词。 基础知识 时间状语从句 when, while, as 1,when既可以引导一个持续动作，也可以引导一个短暂动作，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。如： When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays. When the movie ended, the excited people didn’t want to leave. 当when引导的时间状语从句为系表结构，而且其主语和主句的主语一致，其表语又是一个名词时，就可以用以as引导的省略句来代替when引导的从句。如： As a young man(=when he was a young man), he was fond of hunting. 2,while引导的动作必须是持续性的动作侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。如： Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.. 3,从属连词as可表示从句和主句两个动作交替进行或同时完成，可译为“一边……,(一边……)”或“随着……”。如： He hurried home, looking behind as he went.. As time went by, it became warmer and warmer. 随着时间的流逝，天变得越来越暖和了。 4，when还可以做并列连词，其意义为“在那时，在这时”，相当于and at this/that time.常用于下列句式： Somebody was doing something when……. Somebody was about to do/ going to do/ on the point of doing something when…… Somebody had just done something when……如： We were having a meeting when someone broke in. We were about to set off on our way when it suddenly began to rain. 此外when还表示原因，“既然”。如： It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes. 5,while 作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。如： He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. 6,如果主句表示的是短暂性的动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when while as 可互换使用。如： When/while/as I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine. （ ）I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of the store. as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, once(一……就…….) 这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一…….就……..” 从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。如： The moment I hear the voice, I know father is coming. The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother. 注意：no sooner ……than…….; hardly/ scarcely……when……这一结构的时态搭配；no sooner与hardly/ scarcely引导的句子谓语动词应该用过去完成时，而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应该用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序。如： I had hardly got home when it began to rain.