ENDOCRINEPHYSIOLOGYANDPATHOPHYSIOLOGY…内分泌生理学与病理生理学—….pptxVIP

会计学1ENDOCRINEPHYSIOLOGYANDPATHOPHYSIOLOGY…内分泌生理学与病理生理学—… General AnatomyLimbic system (Temporal lobe)Hypothalamus—the “big cheese”Pituitary gland—anterior and posterior lobes—”the Master Gland”TARGET GLANDSThyroid glandParathyroid glands (4)Adrenal glands—cortex and medullaEndocrine portion of the pancreas—Islets of Langerhans (Insulin, Glucagon)Endocrine portion of the kidney—erythropoietin (EPO)Ovaries and testiclesYour NEWEST ENDOCRINE ORGAN?BELLY FAT (visceral obesity)第1页/共175页 Let’s start at the top…Hypothalamus is the link between the brain (temporal lobe/limbic system) and the “master gland”—the pituitary glandThe hypothalamus sends messages to the anterior and posterior pituitary gland which in turn send their message to target organsOnce the target organ receives the message and performs the appropriate action, it sends a message BACK to the pituitary and hypothalamus to…TURN OFF the message…this is known as “negative feedback”第2页/共175页 Analogy…start at the top…the BIG CHEESEChief Nursing Officer, Director of Nursing, Dean of the Nursing School (the hypothalamus)--Sends her MEMO via EMAIL to第3页/共175页 Analogy…the “Middle woMan”The MEMO can be either “DO something” or “STOP doing something…This memo goes to the:Heads of the Departments, Nursing Supervisors (the pituitary gland)—relay the message to第4页/共175页 Analogy…the “worker bee”Floor Nurses, student nurses (the TARGET ORGANS)—that do all of the work“Ok, OK, OK…I’ll get it done…”第5页/共175页 Enough already!When you have performed the required work, you (the target organ) send a message back to TURN OFF the messages from the “higher ups”This is known as NEGATIVE feedback第6页/共175页 Who are the memos/messengers?Releasing factors/hormones (DO IT!) or inhibiting factors/hormones (STOP DOING IT) from the hypothalamus via a capillary network to the… The anterior pituitary gland which in turn releases either a stimulating or inhibiting hormone which in turn interacts with a receptor on the target organ to perform a cer