Lecture超短脉冲的测量.pptxVIP

会计学1Lecture超短脉冲的测量 光电子技术精品课程Outlines为什么测量超短脉冲是一项挑战? 为什么要对超短脉冲进行测量?对超短脉冲的全面描述需要那些测量量？ 光谱仪与Michelson 干涉仪自相关法频率分辨光学开关法 (FROG)光谱相位干涉直接电场重构法 (SPIDER)第1页/共11页 光电子技术精品课程超短脉冲的测量Ⅰ：自相关法Outlines Intensity Autocorrelation Single-shot autocorrelation Third-order Autocorrelation Intensity Cross-Correlation Interferometric Autocorrelation第2页/共11页 光电子技术精品课程 强度自相关器Crossing beams in an SHG crystal, varying the delay between them,and measuring the second-harmonic (SH) pulse energy vs. delay yields the Intensity Autocorrelation: The Intensity Autocorrelation:DelayBeam-splitterInputpulseAperture eliminates input pulsesand also any SH created by the individual input beams.Slow detectorMirrorE(t)E(t–t)MirrorsSHGcrystalLens第3页/共11页 光电子技术精品课程What if we use a collinear beam geometry, and allow the autocorrelatorsignal light to interfere with the SHG from each individual beam?Developed by J-C DielsUsualAutocor-relationtermNewtermsAlso called the “Fringe-Resolved Autocorrelation”FilterSlow detectorSHGcrystalLensBeam-splitterInputpulseDelayMirrorMirrorE(t)E(t–t)Michelson InterferometerDiels and Rudolph, Ultrashort Laser Pulse Phenomena, Academic Press, 1996.干涉自相关器第4页/共11页 光电子技术精品课程Outlines: The Musical Score and the Spectrogram Frequency-Resolved Optical Gating (FROG) SHG-FROG and other geometries XFROG, Single-shot FROG and GRENOILLE超短脉冲测量Ⅱ：频率分辨光开关法第5页/共11页 光电子技术精品课程FROG： 用复制的可延迟的脉冲与原脉冲在非线性介质中的瞬时相互作用作为光学开关；对开关脉冲随时间的变化进行光谱分辨。Use any ultrafast nonlinearity: Second-harmonic generation, etc.“Polarization Gate” GeometryNonlinearmedium (glass)Pulse to be measuredVariable delay, tCameraSpec-trometerBeamsplitterE(t)E(t-t)Esig(t,t) = E(t) |E(t-t)|245° polarization rotation频率分辨光学开关法 (FROG)第6页/共11页 光电子技术精品课程Baltuska, Pshenichnikov, and Weirsma,J. Quant. Electron., 35, 459 (1999).SHG FROG Measurements of a 4.5-fs Pulse!第7页/共11页 光电子技术精品课程超短脉冲测量Ⅲ： SPIDER What is SPIDER? How SPIDER works? SPIDER apparatus X-SPIDER Outlines:第8页/共11页 光电子技术精品课程tChirped pulsetttThis pulse sums with the blue part of the chir