高一英语语法知识—非谓语动词人教版知识精讲.docx

PAGE PAGE 1 / 15 word 高一英语语法知识—非谓语动词人教版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 语法知识——非谓语动词 二. 教学目标 初步掌握非谓语的根本结构与用法 三. 教学重难点 掌握非谓语所能够充当的句子成分 〔一〕非谓语的分类以与各自在句子中所能充当的成分。 类别非谓语分为不定式，动名词，现在分词和过去分词。〔动名词和现在分词形式一样〕以下表格表示的是它们各自所能充当的成分： 类别 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 成分 不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 动名词 √ √ √ √ 现在分词 √ √ √ √ 过去分词 √ √ √ √ 不定式〔to do，to be doing，to have done，to be done，to be being done，to have been done〕 〔1〕不定式在句子中做主语。如： To be spoken highly of is his aim. To go there in time is his most important task now. It is his most important task to go there in time. It is a great joy to play football. When to start is the question. 〔2〕不定式在句子中做宾语。〔以“to do〞做宾语的动词主要有：ask，want，wish， hope，expect，help，refuse，learn，demand，dare，choose，arrange，decide，agree， promise，plan，offer，manage，pretend，prepare，fail，determine，long，seem 等〕 word word PAGE PAGE 2 / 15 如： They pretended to have finished their work. He had planned to finish it in time. They thought it necessary to go to church every weekend. We find it good to have a walk every day. They don’t now where to go. 〔3〕不定式在句子中做表语。如： His dream is to be taught by that famous professor. The only thing he wants to do now is to study hard. His aim is to get the first place in the game. The question is which one to choose. 〔4〕不定式在句子中做状语。如： He got there on time just to see that film. We told him the truth to make him at ease. He got up early in order to catch the early train. He got home only to find that his home was broken into. 〔5〕不定式在句子中做定语。如： That is the room for us to live in. I have a lot of homework to do. Can you get me something to eat? They can’t choose the right person to leave. The man to be sent there is a doctor. The man to go there is my brother. He has a chance to go abroad. He is always the first / last〔one〕to get to school. He is the best〔one〕to finish the work. 〔6〕在句子中做宾补与词组中的不定式。〔以“to do〞做宾补的动词主要有：ask，want， tell，get，order，beg，advise，warn，hate，like，encourage 等；以“do〞作宾补的动词主 要有：see，watch，notice，hear，feel，let，make，have 等〕，有些形容词词组后面也要 接不定式这样的形容词主要有：surprised，excited，pl