高一英语单元语法.docx

Section_ⅣGrammar__Writing对应学生用书 Section_Ⅳ Grammar__Writing 语法图解 探究发现 ①We found the ruins most interesting. ②We called her the Loulan Beauty. ③She asked me to answer the phone in her absence. ④Either you or she has to go there. ⑤Do you speak either English or French? ⑥He neither sang nor danced at the party. ⑦She lives neither in Beijing nor in Shanghai. ⑧Visiting a place like this is always very interesting. ⑨Many other American ships were sunk or badly damaged. ⑩The whole class are watching a football match. There is a pen and some pencils in my pencilcase. [我的发现] 以上各句中，句①至句③中的黑体部分都是 成分。它们分别是由现在分词、名词和 来充当的。 either ...or ...和 neither ...nor ...的作用是连接 词(组)或等同的句子(成分)。在 句④～⑦中它们分别连接：句④为并列 ，句⑤为并列 ，句⑥为并列 ， 句⑦为并列 。 以上各句中，句⑧至句?都使用了 一致现象。其中，句⑧和句?的主语分别是 和 ；句⑨和句○10的主语分别是 名词和 名词。 一、宾语补足语 宾语补足语是用于补充说明宾语的成分。宾语补足语常常放在宾语之后，和宾语一起构成复合宾语。 1．名词、形容词、副词和介词短语作宾语补足语 (1)名词作宾语补足语 常见的能接名词作宾语补足语的动词有 consider, find, make, elect, name, call, think, choose 等。 We made Lin Taomonitor of our class. 我们选林涛当我们班的班长。 We think it our duty to help others. 我们认为帮助别人是我们的职责。(2)形容词和副词作宾语补足语 常见的能接形容词和副词作宾语补足语的动词有 consider, get, make, keep，find 等。Liu Ming finds it important to practise speaking English every day. 刘明发现每天练习说英语很重要。 Keep the dog out! 让那条狗待在外面。 (3)介词短语作宾语补足语 常见的能接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词(短语)有regard, treat, look on, consider, take, find 等。 We regard labour as a matter of honour. 我们认为劳动是光荣的。 I always look on you as my best friend. 我总是把你看做我最好的朋友。 [即时演练 [即时演练 1] ①我看见他和他父亲出去了。 I with his father. ②我们发现实验室的一切都很整齐。 We found everything in the lab . ③我的意思讲清楚了吗？ Have I ? ④我的母亲看上去那么年轻，你会以为她是我的姐姐。 My mother looks so young that you would . 2．现在分词、过去分词和不定式作宾语补足语 现在分词作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行或状态的持续，常见的能接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有 have, keep, catch, find, leave, hear, see, watch等。 I heard them singing an English song in the classroom. 我听见他们正在教室里唱一首英文歌曲。 I saw some peasants planting trees over there. 我看见一些农民正在那边种树。 过去分词作宾语补足语可表示被动和完成或动作已完成。常见的能接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有 have, keep, find, leave, get, make, see, watch 等。 He found the room cleaned. 他发现房间已被打扫过了。