Personality Disorders 课件 资料 文献.pptVIP

Personality Disorders0 Personality Disorders: An OverviewThe Nature of Personality and Personality DisordersEnduring and relatively stable predispositions (i.e., ways of relating and thinking) Predispositions are inflexible and maladaptive, causing distress and/or impairmentCoded on Axis II of the DSM-IV and DSM-IV-TRCategorical vs. Dimensional Views of Personality Disorders0 Personality Disorders: Facts and Statistics Prevalence of Personality DisordersAbout 0.5% to 2.5% of the general populationRates are higher in inpatient and outpatient settingsOrigins and Course of Personality DisordersThought to begin in childhoodRun a chronic courseComorbidity rates are high Gender Distribution and Gender BiasGender bias exists in diagnosisCriterion vs. assessment gender bias 0 DSM-IV and DSM-IV-TR Personality Disorder ClustersCluster AOdd or eccentric Examples include paranoid, schizoidCluster BDramatic, emotional, erraticExamples include antisocial, borderlineCluster CFearful or anxious Examples include avoidant, obsessive-compulsive0 Cluster A: Paranoid Personality DisorderOverview and Clinical FeaturesPervasive and unjustified mistrust and suspicionThe CausesBiological and psychological contributions are unclearEarly learning that the world is a dangerous placeTreatment Options Few seek professional help on their ownTreatment focuses on development of trustCognitive therapy to counter negativistic thinkingLack good outcome studies0 Cluster A: Schizoid Personality DisorderOverview and Clinical FeaturesPervasive pattern of detachment from social relationshipsVery limited range of emotions in interpersonal situationsThe CausesEtiology is unclearPreference for social isolation resembles autismTreatment Options Few seek professional help on their ownFocus on the value of interpersonal relationshipsBuilding empathy and social skillsLack good outcome studies0 Cluster A: Schizotypal Personality DisorderOverview and Clinical FeaturesOdd and unusual behavior and appearanceMost