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Passage l Itsa roughworld out there.Step outsideand you couldbreak a leg slipping滑倒 on your doormat.Light up the stoveand you could burn down the house. Luckily, if the doormat 门前擦鞋垫 or stove failed to warn of coming disaster, a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles. Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers misfortunes. Feeling threatened, companies responded by writing ever-longer warning labels, trying to anticipate every possibLe accident. Today, stepladders carry labels several inches long that warn , among other things, that you might-surprise! --fall off. The label on a child s Batman cape cautions that the toy does not enable user to fly. While warnings are often appropriate and necessary--the dangers of drug interactions, for example--and many are requiredby state or federalregulations,it isntclear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. About 50 percent of the companies lose when injured customers take them to court. Now the tide appears to be turning.As personal injuryclaims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants,especiallyincaseswhere a warninglabelprobably wouldnt have changed anything. In May , Julie Nimmons, president of Schutt Sports in Illinois, successfully fought a lawsuit involving a football player who was paralyzed in a game while wearing a Schutt helmet. We re really sorry he has becomeparalyzed, but helmetsaren t designedto prevent thosekinds of injuries, saysNimmons.The jury agreed that the nature of the game, not the helmet,was the reason for the athletes injury. At the same time, the American Law Institute--a group of judges, lawyers, and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight-issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies ne