用法定语从句一.pptxVIP

第一部分定语从句定义及概述第1页/共26页第一页，共27页。 先行词关系词 定语从句(1)定语从句：在复合句中作定语修饰主句中某一名 词或代词的从句叫定语从句。(2)先行词：被定语从句修饰的词，叫做先行词。(3)关系词：分为关系代词和关系副词，在从句中担当一定成分。I will never forget the girl that I met yesterday in the street. 第2页/共26页第二页，共27页。 定语从句两个必须 ★ 先行词在从句中必须作一个成分；★ 先行词所作的成分必须空缺。【指点迷津】第3页/共26页第三页，共27页。 第二部分关系代词引导的定语从句第4页/共26页第四页，共27页。 项目关系词关系词先行词所指关系词在从句中的作用关系代词that人/物主语、宾语、表语which物/事主语、宾语、表语who人主语、宾语whom人宾语whose人/物定语as人/物/事情主语、宾语、表语第5页/共26页第五页，共27页。 1. 关系代词that的用法用法：既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表 语，作宾语时常可省略。 1)This is the factory that produces cars.(作主语,指物)2)The girl that spoke to me just now is my classmate. (作主语,指人) 3)The film (that) we saw yesterday is interesting. (作宾语，指物)第6页/共26页第六页，共27页。 2.关系代词which的用法用法：指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时 常可省略。 1)China is a country which has a long history.(作主语)2)The car (which) my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake. (作宾语) 第7页/共26页第七页，共27页。 关系代词that的特权和禁区 1. 特权：行使特权的条件：（1）限定性定语从句； （2）介词没有提前。2. 禁区：有两种情况下，关系代词不会用that,指物时用which；指人时用who/whom。（1）非限定性定语从句；（2）介词提前时。【名师指津】第8页/共26页第八页，共27页。 【特别提醒】 (1)先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰。 This is the best book that I have ever read. (2)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰。The first book that I bought was about how to learn English.(3)先行词是all, much, little, none, few 等不定代词或由some, any, every, no等词构成的复合代词时）I did all that I could do at that time. There was little that the doctor could do for the patient.只用that 不用which的情况：第9页/共26页第九页，共27页。 (4)当先行词被the only, the very修饰时。 The only thing that he can do is to say sorry to her. （5）先行词既有人又有物。Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?（6）主句已有疑问词who/ which时。 Which is the book that you like? Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?第10页/共26页第十页，共27页。 （7）当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系词在从句中也作表语时。 He is no longer the man that he was ten years ago.Jinan is no longer the city that it was ten years ago.第11页/共26页第十一页，共27页。 【典题例证】 The thought of going back home was ____ kept him happy while he was working abroad. A．that