耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学：Hearing Loss.pptx

Hearing Loss Anatomy of Ear Inner Ear and acoustic transmission path Classification of Hearing LossConductive typeSensorineural typeMixedtype Diagnostic Evaluation Tuning fork test Audiogram Puretones airboneSpeechImmitance Suprathreshold test Diagnostic imagingCT scanMRI 25050010002000400080000102030405060708090100110120dBHL (ANSI, 1969)12512,000-10Normal HearingOOOOOO 25050010002000400080000102030405060708090100110120dBHL (ANSI, 1969)12512,000-10OOOOOOConductive hearing loss Sensorineral hearing loss Mixed hearing loss Causes for Conductive type External auditory canal Eardrum（tympanic membrane） Middle ear External Auditory Canal Cerumen (earwax) impaction Stenosis (narrowing)InfectionSurgerySkin disordersCongenital Tympanic Membrane(Eardrum) Perforation (hole) Retraction pocket Tympanosclerosis (stiffness) Middle EarAbsence of ossicles Stiffness of ossicles Otosclerosis TympanosclerosisDislocation of ossicles (trauma) CholesteatomaTumors Sensorineural Hearing LossSensoryNoiseMedicationsInfectionHereditary/GeneticPresbycusisMetabolicNeuralTraumaDegenerationTumors TreatmentHearing aidsMedical treatmentSurgery Hearing Aids BTC (Behind the ear)ITE (In the ear)ITC (In the canal)CIC (Completely in the canal) Hearing Aids ImplantableFullyPartiallyBone-conduction aidsTraditionalBAHA(bone anchored HA) SurgeryTreat underlying cause CholesteatomaTM perforationAcoustic neuromaEncephaloceleCSF leakage Infectious +Improve hearingossicular chain reconstructionStapedectomyCochlear implantFully implantable hearing aids Medical Treatment Disease-specific treatmentInfectionsAutoimmune diseases Steroids Stapedectomy Cochlear Implants Summaryhow many typeshow to restore conductive hearing losshow to improve or restore sensorineural hearing lossHABAHACI 5. All of the following have been implicated in causing vertigo except: a. Loop diuretics b. Anticonvulsants c. Aminoglycosides d. NSAIDS e. Fluoroquinolones f . All of the aboveMany everyday medications c