选修unit语法整理.pptxVIP

Grammar;Look at the following clauses in the sentences and think about what role do these clauses play in the sentences.;1. 概念 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等, 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能, 名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句(Subject Clause)、宾语从句(Object Clause)、表语从句(Predicative Clause) 和同位语从句(Appositive Clause)。;What he wants to tell us is not clear. I believe (that) he is honest. The question is who (which of you) will be the next speaker. The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world. ;2. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类: 连接词/从属连词that, whether, if?不充当从句的任何成分 连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词: when,?where,?how,?why;3. 不可省略的连词： 1) 介词后的连词 2)?引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。 ;Subject Clause (主语从句) Object Clause (宾语从句) Predicative Clause (表语从句) ;一、主语从句在复合句中作主语, 它可 以位于句首, 但常见的主语从句多放在 句末, 句首则用形式主语it。;2. Whether he will come hasn’t been decided. = It hasn’t been decided whether he will come. 注意: 连词that, whether在从句中不担任 句子成分, 只起连接作用, 不能省略 (注: if不可用来引导主语从句）;二、用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that … 事实是…… It is an honor that ……非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that…是常识 (2) It is＋形容词＋从句 (多用 should) It is natural that… 很自然…… It is strange that… 奇怪的是……;(3) It is ＋ 不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎…… It happened that… 碰巧…… It appears that… 似乎…… (4) It is ＋ 过去分词＋从句 It is reported that… 据报道…… It has been proved that… 已证实… It is said that… 据说……;It is certain that he will come. It is said that some American friends will visit our school next week. It happened that we were out for a walk yesterday evening. It doesn’t matter whether I stay or not.;三、用带-ever的引导词 (如whoever, whatever) 引导的主语从句一般不后置。 Whoever leaves the room last should close the door. Whatever we do must be in the interests of the people.;四、it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 it作形式主语代替主语从句, 主要是为了平衡句子结构, 主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调, 无论强调的是什么成分,