外研版（2019）高中英语必修第一册 Unit5_Developing_ideas_Presenting_ideas_and_Reflection提升测评.docxVIP

PAGE2 / NUMPAGES2 Unit5 Developing ideas, Presenting ideas and Reflection提升测评 I.阅读理解 （2019湖南师范大学附属中学高一上期末） Whenever we see a button, we are eager to press it because we know something will happen. This is true in most cases, for example a doorbell and the “on/off” button on the TV. But some buttons are actually fake, like the “close” button on a lift. Many people are in the habit of pressing the “close” button because they don’t have the patience to wait for the lift doors to shut. but for lifts, “close” buttons are completely futile, at least in the US—the doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press. It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the US, making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people disabilities could enter. Only firefighters and repairmen can use the buttons to speed up the door-closing process if they have a code or special keys. But to normal people who take the lift, the buttons aren’t completely useless. According to psychologists, fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control. “A sense of control is very important. It reduces stress and increases well-being,” said Ellen J. Langer, a psychology professor “Having a lack of control is associated with depression.” Experts have revealed that a lot of buttons that don’t do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose. For example, many offices in the Us have fake thermostats（恒温器）because people tend to feel better when they think they can control the temperature in their workspace. But psychologists find it interesting that even when people are aware of these little “white lies”, they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort. “That habit is here to stay,” said John Kounios, a psychology professor. “Even though I have real doubts about the traffic light buttons, I always press them. After all, I’ve had noth