Desmond Tutu分析和总结最新分析和总结.docxVIP

Desmond Tutu Desmond Tutu Photo: AP Nobel Peace Prize laureate and and former Anglican archbishop Desmond Tutu talks during a press conference in Cape Town, South Africa, 22 Jul 2010. Tutu announced he is retiring from public life after his birthday on Oct. 7 when he turns 79. South South African anti-apartheid leader and Nobel Peace Prize winner Desmond Tutu says he will retire soon from public life. Tutu, who battled to end apartheid and later to promote peace and reconciliation, announced at a news conference Thursday he would retire from public life October 7th, on his 79th birthday. Tutu, Desmond Mpilo (1931- ), South African clergyman, civil rights activist, and Nobel laureate. Born in Klerksdorp, in what is now North-West Province, Tutu was ordained as an Anglican priest in 1960. He was named dean of Johannesburg in 1975 and bishop of Lesotho in 1977; the following year, he became the first black general secretary of the South African Council of Churches. In 1984 Bishop Tutu was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in recognition of “the courage and heroism shown by black South Africans in their use of peaceful methods in the struggle against apartheid.” Apartheid, South Africas system of racial separatism, has since been dismantled. Tutu was elected bishop of Johannesburg in 1984; in 1986 he was made archbishop of Cape Town and titular head of the Anglican church in South Africa. In November 1995 Nelson Mandela, then president of South Africa, selected Archbishop Tutu to serve as head of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. The purpose of the commission was to investigate and collect testimony on human rights violations and other crimes during the period from 1960 through 1994 and to consider amnesty for those who confessed their participation in atrocities. In June 1996 Tutu retired from his positions as archbishop of Cape Town and head of the Anglican church in South Africa so that he could devote himself to his role on the commission. For more than two years