初中英语宾语从句教师版.docx

Grammar——宾语从句定义：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。He said that he liked English. Grammar ——宾语从句 I know where he went last night. He wondered if/whether I would attend the meeting tomorrow. 知识讲解一. 宾语从句的连接词: 连接词 知识讲解  引导词的作用 例句 that who, what, which, whose, whom, when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever 等引导词 if/ whether 本身无意义，只起连接作用，口语中可省略 在从句中作一定的成 分，如主语、宾语、定语、 状语等 在从句中不作句子成分,译为:是否 I think (that) he is the best one to do the job. Can you tell me how I can get to the post office? I want to know what you are doing. Do you know how they found the place? I wonder if/whether it will rain tomorrow. 宾语从句闯“三关” 第一关： 引导词关 由that 引导的宾语从句。That 只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。 例：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which 和连接副词when, where, why, how 引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语、状语等成分。例 ：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the bus stop is? I don’t know why the train is late. 由if 或whether 引导的宾语从句。If 和whether 在句中的意思是“是否”、“是不是”。 例：I want to know if /whether he lives there. He asked me whether/if I could help him. ★一般情况下,if 和 whether 可以互换,但以下 3 种情况只能用whether: ①在不定式前:Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided. ②在介词后:It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain. ③与 or not 连用:They are talking about whether to go there or not. 第二关：语序关 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即：主语+谓语，去除助动词并还原动词时态. 例 ：I think (that) you will like this school soon. Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting. I asked when he left last night. 趁热打铁： How can I get to the station? →Can you tell me ？你能告诉我怎样去车站吗？ What does he like? →I wonder . 我想知道他喜欢什么。 Where were you born ？ →He asked me .他问我出生的地方。 ★语序不变： 当matter指“出什么事情”时，不需要调整结构： He asked me what was the matter. = He asked me what was wron他g.问我出了什么事。 （此时what是做主语成分，即句子结构是一个陈述句） 注意：当matter是名词“物质”的含义时，要调整陈述句的结构。He asked me what the matter was. 他问我那是什么物质。 She w