押深圳卷21—25题 阅读理解C篇说明文（含答案析）-备战中考英语临考押题（深圳卷）.docxVIP

押深圳卷第21-25题 阅读理解C篇说明文 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式来解说事物或阐明事理的文章体裁。说明文一般采用平实的语言客观地解释或探讨各种问题，如动物的特征、介绍新生事物、自然或社会现象产生的原因等等。说明事物可采用多种方式：举例法、对比法、给事物下定义法、使用数据、图片法等等。无论采用什么说明方法，作者都是为了说明事物的本质特征，清晰地展现所说明的事物。说明文条理十分清晰；时态上多为一般现在时。 ? 题型包括： 1.?细节理解题；2.?生词词义判断题；3.?标题判断题；4.?主旨大意题；5.?文章结构题；6.?观点态度题。 阅读说明文的关键： 1.?明确说明对象。阅读事物说明文，首先从整体入手，把握文章的说明对象是什么；阅读事理说明文，首先弄清文章说明了什么事理。可以通过把握段落主题句来明确说明对象。 2.?逐段概括要点，理清说明顺序。概括要点要重视首尾句的作用，重视概念句或解说性语句的作用。阅读时可以把这些语句勾画出来。 3.?整体感知，把握中心。分析文章段落之间是并列、递进还是总分关系；是由现象到本质，还是由个别到一般，或是从结果到原因。最后总结出文章的中心思想。 ? 说明文解题技巧 1.?阅读做标记。在阅读的时候可给段落标上序号，并给重要的句子和关键词汇做上记号，尤其是各段中心句，为答题提供更快捷、更多的信息。 2.?审清题干。发掘和把握试题中有效的提示性信息，确认命题的角度、阅读范围和答题方式。 3.?定位阅读,强化对应意识。绝大部分的说明文阅读题都有一个共性，那就是答案基本上都能直接和间接从选段中找到依据。回答问题时要注意原文利用和自我加工相结合。 （2021·广东深圳中考 C篇）Can plants talk? Modern research has found something amazing: they do communicate with each other. It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to conunicate with each other. This happens when a plant gets attacked by insects. The plant gives out chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help: “I’m being attacked!” When another plant gets the chemicals, it starts to give out its own, different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others attract the wasps（黄蜂; 蜜蜂）! The wasps kill the insects that are eating the plants. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system, so that we can use it to grow more crops. More surprisingly, plants also use sound to communicate. People can’t hear these sounds; but plants are making them. Some plants make noises with their roots. Com and chili plants do this. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water. Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest. Scientists call this system the “wood wide web” . The wood wide web is linked underground by fungi（霉菌）. It links the roots of different plants to each other. It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use.