初中英语阅读理解解题思路.docxVIP

初中英语阅读理解解题思路 .理解主旨大意题 考查学生对于文章的中心思想或全文梗概的领会、理解和概括能 力。 主旨大意题常见的设问方式 .What does the writer mainly tell us? .This is a passage about ??? .Which of the following best expresses the main idea? .Which is the subject discussed in the text? .The writer wrote the passage in order to .What, s the best title for this passage? .What s the main idea of this passage? .The main idea / point of the passage is that. .From the passage, we can learn/ conclude. .What can we know from the whole passage? .根据上下文猜测单词题 这种阅读理解测试题是对短文中某一个句子中的某一个超纲的 单词或者短语画线，让考生猜测其汉语意思或者英语解释意义。短文 中出现的超纲词或者短语要求学生在读懂短文的内容，理解短文的大 概意思的基础上并且根据短文上下文的意思和情景进行猜测和推断。 猜测单词的一些方法：1 .根据构词法猜测词意。例如：前缀un-表反义词，如happy、 unhappy, fair unfair, important、unimportant 等。后缀-merit 表名 词，如 develop development, state statement, argue argument 等。后缀-er、-or 或-ist 表同源名词,如 calculate/ calculator; visit/ visitor; law/ lawyer; wait/waiter; science/ scientist; art/ artist 等。 .通过因果关系猜词。 首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后猜词。有时文章 借助关联词（如 because, as, since, for, so, thus, as a result, of course, therefore等等）表示前因后果。 Eg: You shouldn t have blamed him for that, for it wasn t his fault. .通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词。通过同义词猜词，一是要 看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如happy and gay,即使我们不认 识gay这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思； 二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词，如Man has known something about the planets Venus, Mars, and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus （金星）、Mars （火星）、Jupiter （木星）均为生 词，但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于“行星”这一义域。 通过反义词猜词，一是看表示转折关系的连词或副词，如but, while, however等;二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语， Eg:He is so homely, not at all as handsome as his brother. 根据not at all...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思,即不 英俊、不漂亮的意思。 .通过定义或释义关系来推测词义。例如： Bob works in a car factory near his home. He works very hard.He needs to work 8 hours every day.He will be on the night shift-from midnight to 8 a.m.一next week. What s the Chinese meaning of the underlined words ? A.开夜车 B.夜班C.熬夜D.晚上休息 .通过句法功能来推测词义。例如： Bananas, oranges, pineapples, coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas. 假如pineapples和coconuts是生词，我们可以从这两个词在句中所处 的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples, coc