英国历史与文化英文版.pptxVIP

英国历史与文化英文版第1页/共67页 English HistoryPrehistoric England Roman Britain (43-410) The Anglo-Saxons and Vikings (450-1066)Normans and Plantagenets (1066-1272) Lancaster and York (1272-1485)The Tudors (1485-1603)The Stuarts (1603-1714) Order and Disorder (1714-1837)Victoria and Empire (1837-1910)Peace and War (1910-1945) Contemporary Britain (1945- )第2页/共67页 Chapter 1 Early England Old Stone Age, 70,000—8000 BCMiddle Stone Age , 8300—3500 BC New Stone Age , 3500—2500 BC Bronze Age, 2500—700 BC (Iberians)Iron Age, 700—100 BC (Celts)The Dawning of English History 150 BC—50第3页/共67页 Official titleUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland British Isles including Great Britain, the whole of Ireland, all the offshore islands1.1 Geography: Some Terminology 第4页/共67页 第5页/共67页 isolated from Europe by the English Channel and the North Seaonce perceived as being on the edge of the worldThe seas around Britain also acted as barriers against attempted invasions: The Armada, 1588; the French, 1805, Nazi Germany, 1940 1.1 Geography: Geography and History第6页/共67页 Generally mild and temperate weatherallows farming to flourish across the country North: less fertile land, wetterSouth: fertile land, drier 1.1 Geography: Weather第7页/共67页 Hunters and gatherers Old Stone Age (Paleolithic), 70,000—8000 BCMiddle Stone Age (Mesolithic), 8300—3500 BC New Stone Age (Neolithic), 3500—2500 BC1.2 Early Settlers 第8页/共67页 New Stone Age , 3500—2500 BCStonehenge 史前巨石阵a monumental circular setting of large standing stones surrounded by an earthwork1.2 Early Settlers 第9页/共67页 Stonehenge第10页/共67页 In Search of History 00:20 — 01:38第11页/共67页 The Celts (Iron Age, 700—100 BC)from north-western Europe, ancestors of the highland Scots, the Irish and WelshGaelic 盖尔语 : language of Celtic origin1.2 Early Settlers 第12页/共67页 Chapter 2 Roman Britain第13页/共67页 Roman Invasion (55BC-410AD) British recorded history begins with Roman invasion.first landing in 55 B.C. led by Julius Caesarcomplete contr