British Empire的实用学习课件.pptxVIP

British Empire的实用学习课件第1页/共30页 Early Explorations OverseasIn 1583, English explorers discovered and took possession of the Island of Newfoundland ( now belongs to Canada ), helped the country to gain the first territory overseas.Sea Battle between England and Espa?aFive years later, England’s victory of the English-Spanish War recognized England as a powerful maritime nation. VS第2页/共30页 In the 17th century, England actively extended its influence overseas. In 1607, the “May Flower” carried the first group of English immigrants to the Continent of North America. In later a century, the immigrants established 13 tracts of colonies along the west coast of Atlantic. May Flower第3页/共30页 English-Dutch WarIn the 17th century, Holland was the strongest maritime power in the world. It monopolized the trade between the West and the East through its “Commercial Armada”. To open up overseas markets and to struggle for the supremacy at sea, England three times fought against Holland. Wars greatly weakened Holland. By the end of the 17th century, Holland’s leading position was gradually replaced by England. 第4页/共30页 English-French War1707The Combination in 1707 between England and Scotland yields the country of the UK. After combined, power of the country got further boosted. In addition to the supremacy at sea, the UK (Britain) also sought for the leadership around Europe.After the decline of Holland, France became the only nation which was able to challenge the UK. Competitions between the two led to the war between them. The first war lasted for 7 years from 1756 to 1763, helped Britain to get complete control of Canada and most control of India. In 1776, when the 13 colonies declared independence, France first declared support and supplied assistance, led to the second war. After Napoleon came into power by the end of 18th century, Britain organised Alliance with Russia, Prussia, Austria, etc. to fight France, up to the Waterloo.第5页/共30页 第6页/共30页 The East India東印度公司第7页/共3