世纪文学的资料.pptxVIP

世纪文学的资料第1页/共233页 Enlightenment Movement1. progressive intellectual movement throughout western Europe (England, Germany and France) in the 18th century and in Russia in the 19th century (Lenin: bourgeois movement)第2页/共233页 2. the enlighteners: ＊had hostility to serfdom;＊strongly advocated the education and self-government and freedom for the masses of people; ＊asserted the right and interests of the people, esp. peasants.第3页/共233页 English Enlightenment appear after bourgeois revolution, urge the carrying-on of revolutionthe English enlighteners considered the chief way to better the society was “enlightenment” (education). They believe the power of reason. So the 18th C in England is also called “the age of reason” 第4页/共233页 Enlighteners in English Literature: 2 groups 1. moderate group: Pope, Defoe, Addison and Steele, and Richardson They supported the rules of the existing social order and considered partial reforms would be sufficient. 第5页/共233页 2. Radical group: Swift, Fielding, Smollett, Goldsmith and Sheridan They insisted on more resolute democratization in the management of the government. They even partly defended the interests of working people, peasants and laboring class第6页/共233页 neo-classicism periodical literature sentimental movement novel drama18th century literature第7页/共233页 Neo-classicism Alexander Pope Samuel Johnson第8页/共233页 In literature, the Enlightenment Movement brought about a revival of interest in the old classical works. This tendency is known as neoclassicism. According to the neoclassicists, all forms of literature were to be modeled after the classical works of the ancient Greek and Roman writers (Homer, Virgil, and so on) and those of the contemporary French ones. They believed that the artistic ideals should be order, logic, restrained emotion and accur