系统解剖泌尿系统英文.pptxVIP

系统解剖泌尿系统英文第1页/共27页 Urinary System泌尿系统★ CompositionKidney 肾－form urineUreter 输尿管－conduct urine from kidneys to bladderUrinary bladder 膀胱－receives and stores urineUrethra 尿道－conducts urine from bladder to exterior of body (discharged)第2页/共27页 Kidney 肾★ General featuresBean shaped, reddish-brown organsSuperior extremity－broad and thinInferior extremity－narrow and thickAnterior surface－convexPosterior surface－flatLateral border－convex第3页/共27页 Kidney 肾Medial border－concave★ Renal hilum 肾门－a vertical slit on the medial border of kidney★ Renal pedicle肾蒂 － the structures which enter and leave the renal hilum，including the renal vein, renal artery, renal pelvis, lymphatic vessels and nervesOrder of structures in the renal pedicle From anterior to posterior－renal V, renal A, renal pelvis.From superior to inferior－ renal A. renal V. renal pelvis.第4页/共27页 Kidney 肾★ Renal sinus 肾窦 The renal hilum extends into a large cavity within the kidneyContents: Occupied by the renal vessels, minor renal calices, major renal calices, renal pelvis and some adipose tissue第5页/共27页 kidney★ Renal structure肾的结构Renal cortex 肾皮质renal columns 肾柱Renal medulla 肾髓质 Renal pyramids 肾锥体 (15～20)Renal papilla 肾乳头Papillary foramina 乳头孔Minor renal calices 肾小盏 (7－8)Major renal calices 肾大盏 (2～3)Renal pelvis 肾盂Renal cortex consist of renal units，which produces the urine第6页/共27页 kidney★ Coverings of kidney Fibrous capsule 纤维囊Fatty renal capsule 脂肪囊Renal fascia 肾筋膜第7页/共27页 kidneyCoverings of kidney Fibrous capsule 纤维囊 A strong fibrous capsule which strips easily from a normal kidney surface but adheres firmly to an organ that has been inflamed 第8页/共27页 kidneyFatty renal capsule 脂肪囊 A thick adipose connective tissue capsule, surrounds the fibrous capsuleIt acts as a shock absorber to protect the kidney from jolting and jarringRenal fascia 肾筋膜 On outside, surrounds both the kidney and suprarenal glandHolding these organs in place第9页/共27页 kidney★ Position of Kidney Lie behind