人民大2023张道真英语语法（第三版）（精华版）课件Chapter 23.pptx

张道真英语语法A COMPREHENSIVE ENGLISH GRAMMAR 精华版第三版桂林学院英语语法教师团队 句型的转换 Chapter 23 一、简单的句型转换 1.1句型的转换（1）词汇手段 一个同样的意思，常常有许多表达方法，例如“他英文很好”，可以靠词汇手段,有许多不同说法，如：He knows English very well.He has a good knowledge of English. （2）语法手段 除了词汇手段，还有一个办法是靠语法手段，主要是靠用不同的句型来表达同样的意思，例如下面三种结构都可以表示“你这样做是对的” ：You are right to do that. You are right in doing that.It’s right for you to do that. 1.1句型的转换 把一种结构改为另一种结构来表达同样意思称为句型的转换 (transformation of sentence patterns) 。适当了解句型转换的方式可以丰富我们的语言表达能力。由于掌握了较多的表达方法，就可以选择最合适的形式来表达我们的思想，因而语言会更精确。 英语结构有些是与汉语比较接近的，而另一些则相距较远，例如：The case is being investigated.The case is under investigation. 这个案件正在调查。 1.1 句型的转换不能说一种说法比另一种好，但知道较多说法可以丰富我们的语言, 掌握更多地道的表达方法。一个句子的很多成分都可以转为另一种形式，例如：① 主语：Varied methods help to liven up a lesson. Variety of methods helps to liven up a lesson. 方法多样可以使课堂生动。② 谓语：He evidently received little benefit from our advice. He evidently benefited little from our advice. 很明显，他没有从我们的劝告中得到多少好处。 1.1 句型的转换③ 宾语：They marvelled at our great achievements. They marvelled at the greatness of our achievements. 他们对我们的巨大成就感到惊异。④ 状语：We immediately set out to pursue the enemy. We immediately set out in pursuit of the enemy. 我们立刻出动，去追击敌人。⑤ 定语：The question was one to be debated. The question was a debatable one. 这是一个值得争论的问题。⑥ 整个句子结构都可改变：You are so kind to help us. It’s so kind of you to help us. 你帮助我们太好了。 1.2 主语的转换（1）有时，转换时对别的部分没有影响：There is nothing inconsistent in what she said. There is no inconsistency in what she said. (2) 可有时，主语结构转换时对别的部分有影响，其他部分也需作相应的改动：Mastery of a language requires painstaking efforts. It requires painstaking efforts to master a language. 1.3 谓语的转换（1）谓语改为带表语的结构：有时，谓语可改为带表语的结构：Every language reflects the culture that produces it.Every language is a reflection of the culture that