2022届高考英语情态动词和虚拟语气_3.docxVIP

2022届高考英语情态动词和虚拟语气 　　⑦should(ought to)+ have done：原来应当做而事实上又没有做。　　其否认形式表示某种行为不该发生却发生了。　　you should have started earlier, but you didn’t.　　she shouldn’t have taken away my measuring tape, for i wanted to use it.　　留意：本结构还可以表“推想”的意思　　he should have finished the work by now.　　到如今他应当已经做完那项工作了。　　11.其它情态动词　　①have to　　have to表示 “必需, 不得不”, 在这个意义上与must很接近, 但must表示的是说话人的主观看法, 而have to表示的却是客观需要. have to比must有更多的形式。　　the tv set is broken. i have to buy a new one.　　the students will have to know how to use the computers.　　留意：在回答must的问句时, 否认式常用need not(needn’t)或don’t have to表示 “不必”。而不用　　must not, 由于must not表示 “不行以”。　　②used to　　表示过去的习惯动作或状态(如今已不复如此)　　—did you use to go there to see your brother? /used you to go there to see your brother?　　—yes, i did(used to). /no , i didn’t (usedn’t).　　留意：would也可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向，但是不涉及到如今。　　③had better　　表示 “最好(做……)”　　we had better go now.其否认式为had better not　　ii.虚拟语气　　(一)一般虚拟结构类别用法例句if引导的条件从句与如今事实相反从句动词：过去式〔be用were〕主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形if he were here, he would help us.与过去事实相反从句动词：had+过去分词主句动词：should/would/could/might+have+过去分词if i had been free, i would have visited you.与将来事实相反从句动词：过去式 / should+动词原形 / were+不定式主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形if it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping.　　留意:主句中的should只用于i、we，但在美国英语中，should常被would代替;从句中的should可用于各种人称，且不行以被would所代替。　　(二)混合虚拟结构　　1.不同时间的虚拟　　if he had listened to me, he would not be in trouble now.(从句与过去事实相反，主句与如今事实相反)　　if he had told me yesterday, i should know what to do now. (从句与过去事实相反，主句与如今事实相反)　　if i were you, i would have gone to her birthday party. (从句与如今事实相反，主句与过去事实相反)　　if you hadn’t lent me some money, i couldn’t have bought the new house and most likely i would be still living in the dangerous house now. (从句与过去事实相反，and后面的主句与如今事实相反)　　2.虚拟与陈述的混合　　he could have passed the exam, but he wasn’t careful enough.　　you should have come earlier. the bus left a moment ago.　　(三)特别句式虚拟结构 共9页，当前第4页123456789