定语从句讲义.docVIP

精品资料 欢迎下载 精品资料 欢迎下载 精品资料 欢迎下载 定语从句讲义 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。从句放在所修饰词（即先行词）之后，由关系副词或关系代词引导。关系词一般位于先行词与定语从句之间且作为定语从句的一个句子成分。 关系代词： who whom whose which that 关系副词：where when why 关系代词 特点：这些关系代词在定语从句中作主语和宾语，作主语时关系代词不可省略，作宾语时可以省略。 1 当先行词指人时用who/whom, 若在句中作主语则用who, 作宾语时则用whom; e.g. 1 The young man [who is sitting beside Mr. Liu] is my brother. 先行词 关系代词 坐在刘先生旁边的那个男人是我的弟弟。 2 Who is the girl whom you just said goodbye to ? 3 我喜欢的那个女孩没有在这儿。. 4 光彩和你说话的那个人是我们的老师。 5 The girls who weren’t badly hurt in the accident are my classmates. 2 当先行词指物时用which; whose是who和which的所有格形式，表示”…….的” ； e.g. 1 A plane is a machine {which can fly.} 先行词 关系代词 2 I want to show you the shop which is the nearest from here. 我放在桌子上的那件大衣是黑色的。 我正在听的那个音乐是非常美妙的。 3 that既可以指人也可以指物。 e.g. 1 The story {that you told me yesterday} was really interesting. 先行词 关系代词 2 The blouse that is made of silk is expensive. I can’t afford it. 3 我想要玩你上周给我看的那个游戏。 4 我昨天看的那本书是古龙写的。 【例题】1 I hate people _____ talk much but do little. A whom B which C who D when [解析] 定语从句的先行词指人且关系代词作主语，故选C 2 The book ____ he bought yesterday is very interesting. A / B why C when D what 3 I am looking at the photo ____you sent me with your letter. A who B whom C which D it 【注意】 如果序数词、形容词最高级修饰先行词或先行词是all, everything, nothing, something, anything 等不定代词或先行词有the only修饰时， 要用关系代词that 引导。 e.g. This is the first time that we meet each other. 【解析】由于这句话中的的先行词是time,而且先行词被序数词first修饰，故用that 而不用which. 2 That is all that you should let you know. 3 The children like the second lesson that is about “The football match”. 4 这是我通过的最优意思的故事。 5 这是能使我们快乐的一切东西。 关系副词 特点：关系副词在定语从句中代替先行词，作状语，不可省略。 1 when 指时间 在定语从句中作时间状语。 e.g. 1 I will never forget the time when I first reached Beijing. 2