A Comparison of the Goal Orientations and Perceived Motivational 一个比较的目标取向、知觉动机.pptxVIP

A Comparison of the Goal Orientations and Perceived Motivational Climate of NCAA Division II Basketball Players and Cross Country RunnersBy Bob Paulson Goal TheoryAchievement of Valuable Goals (Nicholls, 1989)Two independent conceptual views of success (Duda and Nicholls, 1989)Task Ego Goal OrientationTask-Involvement Work hardBest effortLike challenging tasks Personal improvementWalling and Duda, (1995)Ego Involvement Superiority, relative toothersReluctant to attempt challenging tasksWilling to bend rules to winDuda (1991) Motivational ClimateMasterySocial Responsibility Lifetime skills Willingness to learn Desire to persistPerformance Demonstration ofsuperiority relative to othersWinning is paramountRoberts and Ommundsen, 1996: Solomon, 1996 Levels of competitionCarpenter and Yates (1997)Amateur soccer players scored higher for task-involvement than did the semiprofessional playersSemiprofessionals scored higher for ego-involvement than did amateur playersWhite and Zellner (1996)High school athletes are significantly more ego-involved than intercollegiate athletes and college-age recreatio athletes scored higher in task-involvement Parental involvementParents (Duda and Hom, 1993)Participants at a summer basketball camp and their parents Significant correlation between student’s goalorientation and the student’s perception of thei parents goal orientation Climate and BehaviorMaster goals - Task type behavior Performance goals - Ego type behavior Ames, (1988) Climate and SatisfactionMastery goals - Greater satisfaction with team Performance goals - Less satisfaction with team Walling, Duda, and Chi, (1993) Gender and Goal OrientationDuda, (1989)11th 12th grade, variety of sports Males higher - Ego, Females higher - TaskDuda and Hom, (1993) Summer Basketball Camp No significant differenceDuda, Chi, Newton, Walling, and Catley, (1995) College level t classFemales higher - Task, Ego - No significant difference Li, Harmer, and Acock, (1996) College students in Physica