铁道工务英语 课件 Unit_6_Bridge_Substructures.pptx

1. Directions: Do you know piers and abutments? What are their functions? Read the following statements and decide True (T) or False (F).(1) Piers and abutments belong to the bridge substructure. (　　)(2) Piers and abutments may have a variety of forms. (　　)(3) Piers and abutments can bear the loads from the bridge superstructure. (　　)(4) Piers and abutments can transmit loads to the subsoil. (　　)(5) Piers and abutments can be used interchangeably. (　　)(6) Both piers and abutments are important parts of bridges. (　　)TTTTFT 2. Directions: Write a brief introduction to bridge piers and abutments according to the correct descriptions above. Piers and abutments are important components of the bridge substructure. The function of the pier is to support the adjacent bridge superstructures and transmit the loads of its own as well as the bridge span structure to the foundation below. In addition, both sides of the abutment are usually connected with the embankment. The abutment still needs to bear the load of embankment filling and to ensure a smooth connection with the embankment. So the bridge pier and abutment cannot be replaced with each other. There are many types of piers and abutments, which should be determined comprehensively according to the situation. (Open question, the answer is not unique.) 3. Directions: Look at the following piers and abutments and write the corresponding names of them under each picture.PierPierPierAbutmentAbutmentAbutment Vocabularyabutment body 台身abutments with cantilevered retaining wall耳墙式桥台anchor plate abutment 锚定板式桥台ballast trough 道砟槽bearing stratum 持力层buried abutment 埋式桥台caisson foundation 沉箱基础circular pier 圆形桥墩crack resistance 抗裂性deep foundation 深基础double-column pier 双柱式桥墩flexible pier 柔性墩gravity abutment 重力式桥台gravity pier 重力式桥墩hollow pier 空心墩 Vocabularylight abutment 轻型桥台light pier 轻型桥墩open caisson foundation 沉井基础open cut foundation 明挖基础pier shaft 墩身pile foundation 桩基础pile-column abutment 桩柱式桥台rectangular pier 矩形桥墩round-end