初高中英语衔接 -语法.pptVIP

初高中语法衔接 词 性 1 名词 noun n. student 学生 2 代词 pronoun pron. you 你 3 形容词 adjective adj. happy 高兴的 4 副词 adverb adv. quickly 迅速地 5 动词 verb v. cut 砍、割 6 数词 numeral num. three 三 7 冠词 article art. a 一个 8 介词 preposition prep. at 在... 9 连词 conjunction conj. and 和 10 感叹词 interjection interj. oh 哦实词意义完整能独立作句子成分的词后四类叫虚词意义不完整不能独立作句子成分的词 二、句子成分主语：名词，代词，不定式，动名词或从句The girl is pretty.Reading is useful.To see is to believe.What I told you is the truth.They are good friends. 二、句子成分谓语：简单动词或者动词短语构成He studies hard.He can speak English.I am looking at you. 二、句子成分宾语：在谓语之后She plays the piano.I like watching TV.I think that he is a good guy. 二、句子成分定语：修饰限定，用来修饰名词或代词。相当于汉语中形容词“···的”形容词作定语： Hes a tall man. 名词作定语： There are a lot of banana trees on the island.数词作定语： Three thousand people watched the game. ing形式作定语： There is a swimming pool near our school.过去分词作定语： frozen food 冷冻食品 fallen leaves 落叶限定词作定语： Many men are working there. 二、句子成分状语：用来修饰动词，形容词或副词。 它表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度。 一般由副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当，也可由从句来充当。He did it carefully.Without his help, we couldn’t work it out.In order to catch up with my classmates, I must study hard.I was born on June 9th 1982 in Guangxi.He is writing with a pen. 二、句子成分补语：补充说明主语or宾语， “主语补足语”及“宾语补足语”They elected me the study monitor. I was elected the minitor by them. I find learning English easy. Learning English is found easy. 二、句子成分表语：由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语， 不定式，动名词，短语，或者从句充当． 表语位于系动词后面．I am a teacher. She is happy.Everybody is here. They are at home now.My job is to teach English.Seeing is believing.My decision is that I quit. 主谓主谓= 主语 + 谓语（不及物动词）比如：Class begins. Time flies.主语就是引领句子的开头部分，是一个句子的主体。谓语可以理解为动词。 主谓宾=主语 + 谓语 + 宾语比如: I love you . I love English.English loves me. I buy a book. 谓语动词及物动词、及物动词短语 不及物动词+介词 主系表这里的系代表系动词。包含三个类别1. be动词2. 表象动词 see