苏科版初中物理知识点总结(全).docxVIP

苏科版初中物理知识点总结(全) Summary of Knowledge Points of Acoustic Phenomena in Su Ke n r High School Physics Chapter 1: Sound Phenomena 1.Sound n: Sound is produced by the n of an object。When the n s。the sound s too. 2.Sound n: Sound n requires a medium。Sound cannot travel through a vacuum。Usually。the sound we hear comes from the air. 3.Speed of sound: The speed of sound in air is 340m/s。Sound propagates faster in solids than in liquids。and faster in liquids than in gases. 4.Measuring distance using echo: s=vt=2l 5.Three characteristics of musical sounds: pitch。loudness。and timbre. 1) Pitch: refers to the highness or lowness of a sound。which is related to the frequency of the n of the sound source. 2) Loudness: refers to the strength or size of a sound。which is related to the amplitude of the n of the sound source。the distance een the sound source and the listener。and the listeners ear. 6.Ways to ce noise: (1) ce it at the sound source。(2) ce it during n。(3) ce it at the listeners ear. 7.Audible sound: sound waves with frequencies een 20Hz and 20,000Hz。ultrasound: sound waves with frequencies higher than 20,000Hz。infrasound: sound waves with frequencies lower than 20Hz. 8.Characteristics of ultrasound: good nality。strong n。and concentrated sound energy。Specific ns include sonar。B-mode ultrasound。ultrasonic flowmeters。ultrasonic cleaners。and ultrasonic welders. 9.Characteristics of infrasound: can propagate very far。easily bypass obstacles。and rate everything。Infrasound of a certain intensity can be harmful to the human body and even destroy mechanical structures。It is mainly produced by natural phenomena such as volcanic ns。tsunamis。and earthquakes。In n。rocket launches。aircraft flights。the movement of trains and cars。and nuclear ns can also generate infrasound. Chapter 2: Changes in States of Matter 1.Temperature: refers to the degree of hotness or coldness of an object。The measuring tool is a thermometer。which is made based on the principle of thermal n and n of liquids. 2.