敦煌莫高窟(英文介绍)课件.pptVIP

Do you know those photos？？？; 版权所有 仅供参考 ------------ 孤夜寒飞;25km;Mogao Caves（莫高窟）;敦煌石窟; The first caves were dug out 366 AD as places of Buddhist meditation and worship. The Mogao Caves are the best known of the?Chinese Buddhist grottoes and, along with?Longmen Grottoes（龙门石窟）?and?Yungang Grottoes（云冈石窟）, are one of the three famous ancient Buddhist sculptural sites of China;中国三大石窟;敦煌莫高窟; History; The construction of the Mogao Caves near Dunhuang is generally taken to have begun sometime in the fourth century AD. According to a book written during the reign of Tang?Empress Wu,?Fokan Ji?(佛龕记) by Li Junxiu (李君修), a Buddhist（佛教的）monk（和尚） named Lè Zūn (樂尊) had a vision of a thousand?Buddhas?( 佛陀）bathed in golden light at the site in 366 AD, inspiring him to build a cave here. ;The story is also found in other sources, such as in inscriptions（碑文） on a?stele（石碑）?in cave 332, an earlier date of 353 AD however was given in another document .He was later joined by a second monk Faliang (法良), and the site gradually grew, by the time of the?Northern Liang（北凉）?a small community of monks had formed at the site. Members of the ruling family of?Northern Wei?and?Northern Zhou?constructed many caves here, and it flourished （兴盛）in the short-lived?Sui Dynasty. By the?Tang Dynasty, the number of caves had reached over a thousand. ;During the Tang Dynasty, Dunhuang had became the main hub of commerce（主要的商业中心） of the Silk Road and a major religious centre. A large number of the caves were constructed at Mogao during this era（年代）, including the two large statues of Buddha/ [‘bud?]/（佛像）at the site, the largest one constructed in 695 following an edict(法令，布告） a year earlier by Tang Empress?Wu Zetian（武则天）?to build giant（巨大的）statues across the country. The site escaped the persecution of Buddhists ordered by?Emperor Wuzong?in 845 as it was then under Tibetan control. As a frontier town, Dunhuang had been occupied at various times by other non-Han Chinese people.. ;After the Tan