演讲的艺术-chapter-6完整版.pptVIP

6Supporting Your Ideas by Ada Pan Oct. 2012 Purposes of Supporting MaterialsTea is popular.Large quantities of tea are consumed by people around the globe. Tea is second only to water as the world’s most consumed beverage. More tea is consumed each year than all other manufactured drinks in the world put together, including coffee, chocolate, soft drinks and alcohol. Total tea consumption is 4 billion kilograms annually. Learning Objectives:Supporting your ideas by: examples statisticstestimony Key TermsSupporting materialsexample (brief ,extended , hypothetical )Statistics (single, multiple)Testimony (expert, peer)??? Purposes of Supporting MaterialsClarityVividnessCredibility Types of Supporting Materials123 ExamplesBriefExtendedActualHypothetical Tips for using examplesMake examples vivid and richly texturedReinforce examples with statistic or testimony NarrationPersonalThird-personSecond StatisticsSingleMultiple Tips: StatisticsDon’t rely exclusively on statistics.Use representative statistics Identify the sources of statistics Form reliable sourcesRound off.Explain statistics Use presentational aids.Stress their impact. TestimonyDirect quotationParaphrase TestimonyTips:Quote or paraphraseQuote or paraphrase accurately Form qualified/unbiased sourcesIdentify the people you quote or paraphrase Tests of EvidenceIs the evidence quoted in context?Is the source of the evidence an expert?Is the source of the evidence unbiased?Is the evidence relevant to the point?Is the evidence specific?Is the evidence sufficient to prove the point?Is the evidence timely? Evaluating Electronic InformationPurposeExpertiseObjectivityAccuracyTimeliness Citing Your Sources“Oral footnotes”. . .Enhance the credibility of what you say.Help listeners find sources.