[doc]工程弃土土壤侵蚀人工模拟降雨试验研究.docVIP

[doc] 工程弃土土壤侵蚀人工模拟降雨试验研究 工程弃土土壤侵蚀人工模拟降雨试验研究 第21卷第2期 2009年6月 亚热带水土保持 SubtmpicalSoilandWaterConservati0n Vo1.21?2 Jun.2O09 工程弃土土壤侵蚀人工模拟降雨试验研究 柳小强 (西南林学院昆明650224) 摘要在测定弃土粒径组成及含水量的基础上,用14.10P0cketVaneTester型三头抗剪仪对试验区土壤抗剪 强度进行了测定;用人工模拟降雨的方法,对原地貌,新近堆土和堆积1年的弃土做了土壤侵蚀特征研究.结 果表明:?有植被保护的原地貌产流时间滞后于弃土近lh,弃土产沙量达到O.927kg,是原地貌的2.06倍.? 在场降雨过程中,弃土产流量是原地貌产流量的1.21倍,径流系数分别为:原地貌0.12,弃土0.62;弃土产沙远 远多于原地貌,初始含沙量:原地貌lt;弃土,分别为24kg/m,145km,并且随着产流量的增加而增加.?随着 弃土堆积时间的加长,抗剪强度不断增大,弃土细粒含量降低,含水量 反而增大. 关键词工程弃土;土壤侵蚀;土壤抗剪强度;人工模拟降雨 [中图分类号]s157.1[文献标识码]A[文章编 号]l002—2651(2o09)O2—0001—05 ResearchontheSimulatedRaiIl】 FallExperimentf0rtheSoilErosi0nbythePr0jectSpoiI (SouthwestF0restryC0llege Abstract0nmebasisonmeasurement0fgradati LiuXiaoqiang ,Kunming,YunnanPmvince,China650224) onc0mpositi0nandwatercontent0fwastesp0il,itisusedthe14. 10PocketVaneresterrypeoftripleshearinginstrumentt0measuretheshearingstrengthofthesoilattheexpe打men. talarea.Usingthemeth0d0fanificialsimulationrainflall,theresearchwasc0nductedtothesoilemsi0nfeaturesonthe originallandf0nn,newlyaccumulateds0ilandwastespoilf_0roneyear,respectively.TheI.esultshowsthati)thepIl0- ducingrunofftimeatthepmtected1andf_0rrnis0nehourlaterthanthatofatthewastesp0ilarea.Thesedimentproduc— ti0natthewastespoilareaIached0.927kg,2.06times0fthatofattheoriginallandf0rn1area;ii)duringthe6eld rail1,themno仃 producti0nv0lumeatthewastespoilareais1.2ltimesofthatofatthe0riginallandf0nnarea,with theI1jnoffcoemcientof0.12and0.62attheori百 nallandf0Hnareaandthewastespoilarearespectively.Tl1esedi— mentpmductionvolumeatthewastespo订 areaisfaLrmorethanthat0fattheoriginal1andf0marea.Theinitialsedi— mentconcentmtionattheoriginallandfl0rn1aI_eaislessthanthatofatthewastesp0ilaI_ea,whichis24kg/H13andl45 km3respectively,andw0uldbeincreasedf0llowingwiththeincreaseofthesedimentpmductionV0lume.Andiii) Withtheincreaseofthespoilaecumulationtime,theshearingstrenhalsoincreasedcontinuously,whichresultedin thedecreaseofthenesp0ilc0ntentwhiletheincreaseofthewater