植物体内有机物运输和分配演示文稿.pptVIP

植物体内有机物运输和分配演示文稿 本文档共25页；当前第1页；编辑于星期日\16点41分 植物体内有机物运输和分配 本文档共25页；当前第2页；编辑于星期日\16点41分 BOX: transfer cells(转移细胞) The rate at which material can be actively transported depends on the number of molecular pumps present, which in turn depends on the surface area of the plasma membrane: The larger the membrane, the more molecular pumps it can hold. In certain specialized transfer cells, the walls are smooth on the outer surface but have numerous finger-like and ridge like outgrowths on the inner surface. The plasma membrane is pressed firmly against all the convolutions and thus has a much larger surface area than it would if the wall were flat. Consequently, room is available for many molecular pumps, and high-volume transport can occur across these transfer walls. Transfer cells are found in areas where rapid short distance transport is expected to occur: in glands that secrete salt, in areas that pass nutrients to embryos, and in regions where sugar is loaded into or out of phloem. 本文档共25页；当前第3页；编辑于星期日\16点41分 (a) Once released from a cell, a molecule diffuses in a series of random short paths as it collides with and bounces off other molecules. Probability favors its entering a neighboring cell (molecules 1, 2, and 3), but it can diffuse laterally along the wall as well (molecules 4 and 5). (b) In many glands, the apopIast is large, so movement between cells may be faster and easier than movement within cells. Such glands often have a lining of compact tissue that isolates the gland, preventing the secreted material from permeating the whole region. 本文档共25页；当前第4页；编辑于星期日\16点41分 6.1.2 long distance transport(长距离运输) 6.1.2.1pathway(途径)：phloem(韧皮部)。Girdling experiment(环割试验)、radioactive tracer(同位素示踪技术)及谚语“树怕扒皮”等可以证明，同化物运输的途径是维管组织的韧皮部。 本文档共25页；当前第5页；编辑于星期日\16点41分 水分和同化物运输的途径比较 本文档共25页；当前第6页；编辑于星期日\16点41分 Diagram showing basic elements in the circulation of water, inorganic ions, and assimilates in the plant. Water and inorganic ions taken up by the root move upward in the