专题10 动词不定式的用法-高一英语语法透析与专练（译林版2020）.docxVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 专题10 动词不定式的用法-牛津译林版（2020）英语 高一语法透析与专练 一、 考点分析 动词不定式是非谓语形式之一，不定式不可以作谓语，但可以作主语，宾语，定语，补语，状语，表语。 如：To learn English is important.--作主语 My wish is to be a teacher.--作表语 不定式的否定形式在to前加上not或者never： 1)Tell the driver not to shout at the policeman. 2)Last month the teacher told us never to cheat in the exams. 3)I expect this kind of mistake not to be made again. 二、“to do”形式的不定式作主语 不定式作主语：动词用单数 1)To do morning exercises is useful for our health. 2)To ignore his advice will be a mistake. 3)To complete the dam in 11 years was a great achievement. 【表示具体的某次动作，特别是将来发生的动作，多用不定式作主语。】 【表示比较抽象的一般行为或者经常性习惯性的动作时，多用doing作主语。】 4)To invite her to tomorrow’s party is necessary. 5) To finish the task will take a long time. 6)Inviting somebody to a dinner party is really troublesome. 7)Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring． 以下句子的it是形式主语，不定式才是真正主语： 1)It’s important to learn how to use the computer. 2)It is good not to depend on the others. 3)It is unwise of you to turn down their proposal. 4)It is a great honor (for us) to be invited to your wedding. 5)It seems a pity to refuse his offer. 6)It is bad manners to make fun of the disabled. 7)It has been decided to bring up the matter at the next meeting. 8)It made us very angry to hear him talk like that. 在下列两个句型中it是形式主语，不定式是真正主语；of sb和for sb是不定式的逻辑主语： A. It is/was + 形容词（of sb）to do sth. 【赞扬，责备的形容词通常用of sb作逻辑主语：wrong, right, kind, nice, brave, careful, careless, greedy, honest, lazy, modest, selfish, thoughtful, impolite, polite, clever, foolish, silly, stupid, cruel, rude, generous，considerate…】 B. It is/was + 形容词（for sb）to do sth. 【以下形容词通常用for sb作逻辑主语：easy, hard, difficult, important, necessary, impossible, possible, safe, dangerous, unusual, wonderful…。多数情况都用for sb作逻辑主语。】 1)It is polite (of you) to respect the old. 2)It is important (for us) to do as the Romans do. 3)It’s important for the figures to be updated regularly. It is good of sb to do sth: 某人做什么太好心了。 It is good for sb to do sth: 做什么对某人有好处。