室内火灾简介课件.pptxVIP

Compartment FireLesson 1Development of Compartment Fire Key Words Phrases Compartment fire 室内火灾Flashover 轰燃 Pre-flashover 轰燃前 post-flashover 轰燃后Flammable (Flame) 可燃的Combustible (combustion) 可燃的Smoulder 阴燃、无焰燃烧Smouldering fire 无焰燃烧Flaming fire 有焰燃烧 Ventilate (ventilation) 通风Ventilation Factor 通风因子Opening Factor 开口因子Key Words Phrases 1.Definition of compartment fire Fires happen in a room, a bus, a car, a ship or train compartment, etc. are all compartment fires. A compartment fire (室内火灾) means a fire that takes place in a compartment. A compartment is an enclosure with walls, roof and openings (such as windows and doors). WTC 911 The big Garley building fire,1996, HongkongAirport terminal fire, 1996, Duesseldorf, Germany MTR train compartment arson fire（纵火）, January 2004 (up)Ship fire: The fire broke out an hour after the ship left the port of Miami (Right) Bus fires: Burnt to the top within 10 minBurnt completely within 10 min 2. Why compartment fires present added danger? Compartment fires are quite different from those fires burning in the open air because of the walls and ceiling. When a fire occurs in free space, heat and smoke generated would be lost to the ambient (环境) rapidly. But for a compartment fire, most of the heat and smoke generated would be confined in the upper part of the compartment. Outdoors, fire grows steadily.Indoors, trapped heat and smoke cause temperature to suddenly go up. 3. Ignition (点燃) of a Compartment Fire For ignition of a fire to occur, a fuel must be heated above its auto-ignition temperature (自燃点) in the presence of sufficient oxidizer（氧化剂） for a fire to occur. An ignition source is anything which can heat even a small portion of a fuel to its auto-ignitio